{"id":14739,"date":"2016-11-12T15:20:34","date_gmt":"2016-11-12T13:20:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=14739"},"modified":"2016-11-12T15:20:34","modified_gmt":"2016-11-12T13:20:34","slug":"8-hz-ebu-bekir-ailesinin-tefsirdeki-yeri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=14739","title":{"rendered":"8. Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir Ailesinin Tefsirdeki Yeri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir iman, ak\u0131l, muhabbet, firaset ve dirayetiyle hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131nda m\u00fcmtaz bir mevki kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi ailesini de g\u00fczel bir \u015fekilde yeti\u015ftirerek onlar\u0131 da y\u00fcksek mevkilere \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zira onun aile fertleri de kendisi gibi \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee ilimlerde m\u00fchim bir yere sahiptirler. Mesela Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019den hadis rivayet eden me\u015fhur sahabiler aras\u0131nda o\u011fullar\u0131 Abdurrahman ve Muhammed, k\u0131zlar\u0131 \u00c2i\u015fe ve Esm\u00e2 da vard\u0131r.[1]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a> \u015eimdi bunlar\u0131n tefsirle ilgili birka\u00e7 rivayetine temas edece\u011fiz:<\/p>\n

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a) Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe<\/h4>\n

Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe, Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn han\u0131m\u0131 olmas\u0131 sebebiyle di\u011fer karde\u015flerinden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 bir yere sahiptir. Onun tefsirdeki yerini tesbit etmek i\u00e7in m\u00fcstakil bir kitap yazmak gerekir. Biz burada sadece \u00f6rnek kabilinden birka\u00e7 rivayete yer vermek istiyoruz.<\/i><\/p>\n

– \u0130lk olarak \u00dcmm\u00fc\u2019l-M\u00fc\u2019min\u00een \u00c2i\u015fe <\/b>(r.a) \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r: \u201cSeferlerinin birinde Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) ile birlikte yola \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Beyd\u00e2 veya Z\u00e2t\u00fc\u2019l-Cey\u015f\u2019e vard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, (karde\u015fim Esm\u00e2\u2019dan \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m) gerdanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m kopup kayboldu. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) gerdanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n aranmas\u0131 i\u00e7in o mahalde bekledi. \u0130nsanlar da onunla birlikte beklediler. H\u00e2lbuki bir su ba\u015f\u0131nda de\u011fillerdi. Baz\u0131 insanlar, babam Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e gelip; \u00ab\u00c2i\u015fe\u2019nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcn m\u00fc? Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019i de, di\u011fer insanlar\u0131 da yollar\u0131ndan al\u0131koydu. Onlar bir su ba\u015f\u0131nda de\u011filler, kimsenin yan\u0131nda da su yok!\u00bb dediler. Babam benim yan\u0131ma geldi. O esnada Ras\u00fblullah da uyumu\u015f, ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 dizime koymu\u015ftu. Eb\u00fb Bekir insanlar\u0131n s\u00f6zlerini naklederek beni azarlad\u0131 ve bunun yan\u0131nda baz\u0131 \u015feyler de s\u00f6yledi. Eli ile de b\u00f6\u011fr\u00fcme vurmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in ba\u015f\u0131 dizimde oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in hi\u00e7 k\u0131p\u0131rdamad\u0131m. Sabah olunca Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) kalkt\u0131. Hi\u00e7 su yoktu. All\u00e2h -azze ve celle- teyemm\u00fcm \u00e2yetini (en-Nis\u00e2 4\/43) inz\u00e2l buyurdu. Herkes teyemm\u00fcm etti. \u00dcseyd bin Hudayr; \u00abEy Eb\u00fb Bekir hanedan\u0131, bu sizin ilk bereketiniz de\u011fildir!\u00bb dedi. \u00dczerine bindi\u011fim deveyi kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda gerdanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda bulduk.\u201d[2]<\/a> \u00dcseyd bin Hudayr, Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe\u2019ye dua ederek \u015fu hakikati de beyan etmi\u015ftir: \u201cAllah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 seni hay\u0131rla m\u00fck\u00e2fatland\u0131rs\u0131n! Vallahi senin ba\u015f\u0131na ho\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n hangi i\u015f gelse, Allah (c.c) mutlaka onda senin ve b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fc\u2019minler i\u00e7in bir hay\u0131r ve ferahl\u0131k yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d[3]<\/a> Eb\u00fb Bekir de k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na var\u0131p; \u201cSen m\u00fcbarek bir insans\u0131n, senin vesilenle ruhsat indi\u201d demi\u015ftir.[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

Sahabenin bu \u015fahitli\u011fi, sadece Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in de\u011fil, ailesinin de Kur\u2019\u00e2n\u2019\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131p ya\u015fanmas\u0131na hizmet etti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

– \u0130kinci olarak Dahh\u00e2k, \u201cBu a\u011f\u0131r iftiray\u0131 uyduranlar \u015f\u00fcphesiz sizin i\u00e7inizden bir guruptur\u201d<\/b>[5]<\/a> \u00e2yetini \u201cHz. \u00c2i\u015fe\u2019ye iftira at\u0131p ona b\u00fchtanda bulunanlar\u201d diye tefsir eder.[6]<\/a> \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, \u201cBunu kendiniz i\u00e7in bir k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck sanmay\u0131n!\u201d<\/b>[7]<\/a> hitab\u0131n\u0131n Eb\u00fb Bekir ailesine oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. \u201cAksine o, sizin i\u00e7in bir iyiliktir\u201d<\/b> k\u0131sm\u0131na da \u015f\u00f6yle m\u00e2na verir: \u201cD\u00fcnyada ve \u00e2hirette sizin i\u00e7in hay\u0131rd\u0131r, d\u00fcnyada hay\u0131rla y\u00e2d edilirsiniz, \u00e2hirette de dereceniz y\u00fckselir, Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 Kur\u2019\u00e2n\u2019da M\u00fc\u2019minlerin Annesi Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe\u2019nin temizli\u011fini haber vermek suretiyle ona itina g\u00f6stererek sizin \u015ferefinizi ortaya koymu\u015ftur\u2026\u201d[8]<\/a><\/p>\n

– \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak, C\u00e2bir b. Abdullah\u2019tan gelen ve tefsirlerde yer alan \u015fu rivayeti zikredelim: \u201cEb\u00fb Bekir (r.a) mescide girdi, Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in yan\u0131na girmek i\u00e7in izin istiyordu. Bu s\u0131rada Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde oturmakta olan insanlar\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7birine izin verilmemi\u015fti. Derken Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e izin verildi ve i\u00e7eri girdi. Sonra \u00d6mer geldi. O da izin istedi, ona da izin verildi. \u00d6mer (r.a), Nebiyy-i Ekrem\u2019i, etraf\u0131nda han\u0131mlar\u0131 oldu\u011fu halde kederli kederli susmu\u015f otururken buldu. Bunun \u00fczerine, \u00abBir \u015fey s\u00f6yleyeyim de Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019i g\u00fcld\u00fcreyim\u00bb diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek; \u00abEy Allah\u2019\u0131n Ras\u00fbl\u00fc! H\u00e2rice\u2019nin k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 bir g\u00f6rseydin! Benden nafaka istedi. Ben de kalkt\u0131m, onun bo\u011faz\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131kt\u0131m!\u00bb dedi. Bunun \u00fczerine Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) tebess\u00fcm etti ve; \u00abEtraf\u0131mdaki bu han\u0131mlar da g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn gibi benden nafaka istiyorlar!\u00bb<\/i> buyurdu. Bu s\u00f6z \u00fczerine hemen Eb\u00fb Bekir, k\u0131z\u0131 \u00c2i\u015fe\u2019nin, \u00d6mer de k\u0131z\u0131 Hafsa\u2019n\u0131n bo\u011faz\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131kmaya kalkt\u0131lar. \u0130kisi de k\u0131zlar\u0131na; \u00abSiz, Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019den elinde olmayan bir \u015feyi istiyorsunuz \u00f6yle mi?\u00bb diyorlard\u0131. \u00c2i\u015fe ile Hafsa; \u00abVallahi bir daha Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019den kesinlikle yan\u0131nda olmayan bir \u015feyi istemeyece\u011fiz!\u00bb dediler. Daha sonra Neb\u00ee (s.a.v), han\u0131mlar\u0131ndan bir ay ya da yirmi dokuz g\u00fcn uzakla\u015ft\u0131. Bunun sonunda; \u00abEy Neb\u00ee! E\u015flerine \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6yle: E\u011fer d\u00fcnya hayat\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc istiyorsan\u0131z, gelin size bo\u015fanma bedellerinizi vereyim de sizi g\u00fczellikle sal\u0131vereyim. E\u011fer Allah\u2019\u0131, Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc ve \u00e2hiret yurdunu diliyorsan\u0131z, bilin ki, Allah, i\u00e7inizden g\u00fczel davrananlar i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir m\u00fck\u00e2fat haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u00bb<\/b>[9]<\/a> \u00e2yeti ve devam\u0131ndaki \u00e2yetler indirildi. Bunun \u00fczerine Nebiyy-i Ekrem, \u00c2i\u015fe\u2019den ba\u015flayarak; \u00abEy \u00c2i\u015fe! Ben sana bir \u015fey arz etmek istiyorum fakat ebeveyninle isti\u015fare etmeden cevap hususunda acele etmemeni dilerim\u00bb<\/i> buyurdu. \u00c2i\u015fe (r.a); \u00abEy Allah\u2019\u0131n Ras\u00fbl\u00fc, nedir o?\u00bb diye sordu. Nebiyy-i Ekrem de ona bu \u00e2yetleri okudu. Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe; \u00abEy Allah\u2019\u0131n Ras\u00fbl\u00fc! Anne-babamla senin hakk\u0131nda m\u0131 isti\u015fare edece\u011fim. Elbette Allah\u2019\u0131, Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc ve \u00e2hiret yurdunu tercih ederim. Fakat benim bu s\u00f6yledi\u011fimi kad\u0131nlar\u0131ndan hi\u00e7birine haber vermemeni isterim!\u00bb dedi. Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc; \u00abOnlardan biri bunu bana sorarsa, muhakkak s\u00f6ylerim. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 beni zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil, \u00f6\u011fretici ve kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olarak g\u00f6nderdi!\u00bb<\/i> buyurdu.\u201d[10]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a> Taber\u00ee\u2019nin rivayetine g\u00f6re Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe; \u201cBen Allah\u2019\u0131, Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc ve \u00e2hiret yurdunu istiyorum, bu konuda babam Eb\u00fb Bekir ve annem \u00dcmm\u00fc R\u00fbman ile de isti\u015fare etmiyorum!\u201d demi\u015ftir.[11]<\/a><\/p>\n

– D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak Muk\u00e2til b. S\u00fcleyman\u2019\u0131n \u015fu rivayetinden bahsedebiliriz: O, \u201c\u2026Kad\u0131nlar da kad\u0131nlar\u0131 alaya almas\u0131nlar. Belki onlar kendilerinden daha iyidirler\u2026\u201d<\/b>[12]<\/a> \u00e2yetinin, boyunun k\u0131sal\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebebiyle \u00dcmm\u00fc Seleme ile alay eden \u00c2i\u015fe bint Eb\u00ee Bekir hakk\u0131nda n\u00e2zil oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler.[13]<\/a> Hadis kitaplar\u0131ndaki rivayete g\u00f6re ise \u00c2i\u015fe, Nebiyy-i Ekrem\u2019e; \u201cSafiyye\u2019nin k\u0131sa boylu olu\u015fu sana yeter\u201d demi\u015fti. Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc de; \u201cEy \u00c2i\u015fe, \u00f6yle bir s\u00f6z s\u00f6yledin ki, e\u011fer o s\u00f6z denize kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lsa idi onun suyunu bozard\u0131\u201d<\/i> buyurdu. Ba\u015fka bir g\u00fcn Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe, bir ki\u015finin durumunu takliden hik\u00e2ye etmi\u015fti.[14]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a> Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v); \u201cBana \u015funlar \u015funlar (yani d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en k\u0131ymetli \u015feyleri) verilse, ben yine de bir insan\u0131 ho\u015flanmayaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fekilde taklit edip anmay\u0131 kesinlikle istemem\u201d<\/i> buyurdu.[15]<\/a> Hadis kaynaklar\u0131nda bu h\u00e2diseler sebebiyle herhangi bir \u00e2yetin n\u00fczul\u00fcnden bahsedilmez.<\/i><\/p>\n

– Dahh\u00e2k, et-Tahrim 66\/1 \u00e2yetinin Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe hakk\u0131nda n\u00e2zil oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.[16]<\/a><\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nce de s\u00f6yledi\u011fimiz gibi Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe hakk\u0131nda n\u00e2zil olan, onun taraf\u0131ndan tefsiri yap\u0131lan ve h\u00fckm\u00fc beyan edilen pek\u00e7ok \u00e2yet vard\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131, konuyla ilgili yap\u0131lacak geni\u015f ve m\u00fcstakil \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara havale ederek burada birka\u00e7 misal vermekle yetinmeyi uygun g\u00f6rd\u00fck.<\/p>\n

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b) Esm\u00e2 bint Eb\u00ee Bekir<\/h4>\n

– Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in k\u0131z\u0131 Esm\u00e2\u2019ya bir g\u00fcn annesi Net\u00eele ve nenesi gelip ondan yard\u0131m istemi\u015f, bir \u015feyler talep etmi\u015flerdi. O esnada ikisi de m\u00fc\u015frik idiler. Bu y\u00fczden Esm\u00e2 onlara bir \u015fey vermeyip; \u201cAllah\u2019\u0131n Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019ne sormadan size bir \u015fey vermeyece\u011fim. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc siz benim dinim \u00fczere de\u011filsiniz\u201d dedi. Gelip Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019e, onlara yard\u0131m olarak bir \u015fey verip veremiyece\u011fini sordu. Bunun \u00fczerine Allah Teal\u00e2, \u201cOnlar\u0131 do\u011fru yola iletmek sana ait de\u011fildir. L\u00e2kin Allah diledi\u011fini do\u011fru yola iletir. Hay\u0131r olarak harcad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z kendi iyili\u011finiz i\u00e7indir. Yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hay\u0131rlar\u0131 ancak Allah\u2019\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 kazanmak i\u00e7in yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Hay\u0131r olarak verdi\u011finiz ne varsa, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 size tam olarak verilir ve asla haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011frat\u0131lmazs\u0131n\u0131z\u201d<\/b>[17]<\/a> \u00e2yet-i kerimesini indirdi. Bunun \u00fczerine Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v) Esm\u00e2\u2019ya, onlara tasaddukta bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 emretti.[18]<\/a> Kurtub\u00ee, \u00e2limlere g\u00f6re farz olan zek\u00e2t\u0131n gayr-i M\u00fcslimlere verilemeyece\u011fini, ancak nafile sadakalardan onlara verilebilece\u011fini s\u00f6yler.[19]<\/a><\/p>\n

– Yine Esm\u00e2 \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r: \u201c\u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131 kabul etmemi\u015f olan annem, Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) zaman\u0131nda yan\u0131ma gelmi\u015fti. Nebiyy-i Ekrem\u2019in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc almak i\u00e7in; \u00abAnnem beni \u00f6zleyip gelmi\u015f. Ona iyi davran\u0131p kendisiyle ilgileneyim mi?\u00bb diye sordum. Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc; \u201cEvet, annene iyi davran!\u201d<\/i> buyurdu.[20]<\/a> Bu h\u00e2dise \u00fczerine \u015fu \u00e2yetin n\u00e2zil oldu\u011fu rivayet edilir: \u201cAllah, sizinle din u\u011frunda sava\u015fmayan ve sizi yurtlar\u0131n\u0131zdan \u00e7\u0131karmayanlara iyilik yapman\u0131z\u0131 ve onlara \u00e2dil davranman\u0131z\u0131 yasaklamaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Allah, adaletli olanlar\u0131 sever.\u201d<\/b>[21]<\/a><\/p>\n

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c) Abdurrahman b. Eb\u00ee Bekir<\/h4>\n

– el-En\u02bb\u00e2m 6\/71 \u00e2yetinin tefsirinde \u015f\u00f6yle denir: Eb\u00fb Bekir ile han\u0131m\u0131, o\u011fullar\u0131 Abdurrahman\u2019\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019a davet ediyorlard\u0131. \u00c2yetteki \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0647\u064f\u062f\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0626\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0646\u0627 \u201c\u00abBize gel!\u00bb diye do\u011fru yola \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131\u201d<\/b> ifadesinden kas\u0131t budur. \u0627\u0626\u0652\u062a\u0650\u0646\u0627, \u201cbize itaat et, s\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc dinle\u201d demektir.[22]<\/a><\/p>\n

– Baz\u0131 tefsirlerde zikredildi\u011fine g\u00f6re, \u201cAna ve babas\u0131na: \u00ab\u00d6f be size! Benden \u00f6nce nice nesiller gelip ge\u00e7mi\u015fken, beni mi tekrar dirilmekle tehdit ediyorsunuz?\u00bb diyen kimseye, ana ve babas\u0131 Allah\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131narak; \u00abYaz\u0131klar olsun sana! \u0130man et! Allah\u2019\u0131n va\u02bbdi ger\u00e7ektir\u00bb dedikleri halde o; \u00abBu, eskilerin masallar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir\u00bb der\u201d<\/b>[23]<\/a> <\/b>\u00e2yetinde \u201c\u00f6f size\u201d diyen Abdurrahman b. Eb\u00ee Bekir\u2019dir. Bu s\u00f6z\u00fc \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019a girmeden \u00f6nce s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. \u201cKabirden geri \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek mi beni tehdit ediyorsunuz?\u201d demi\u015fti. Allah\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131narak;\u201cYaz\u0131klar olsun sana, iman et!\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yleyenler ise Eb\u00fb Bekir ile han\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Ama Abdurrahman 18. \u00e2yetin h\u00fckm\u00fcne d\u00e2hil de\u011fildir. O, \u201cBana C\u00fcd\u02bb\u00e2n b. Amr ile Osman b. Amr\u2019\u0131 getirin de Muhammed\u2019in s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u015feylerin hak m\u0131 yoksa bat\u0131l m\u0131 oldu\u011funu onlara soray\u0131m!\u201d demi\u015fti. Bu iki ki\u015fi onun dedelerindendi. Bunun \u00fczerine Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak; \u201c\u0130\u015fte onlar <\/b>(yani C\u00fcd\u02bb\u00e2n ile Osman), kendilerinden \u00f6nce cinlerden ve insanlardan gelip ge\u00e7mi\u015f topluluklar i\u00e7inde, haklar\u0131nda azab\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi kimselerdir. Ger\u00e7ekten onlar ziyana u\u011frayanlard\u0131r\u201d<\/b>[24]<\/a> <\/b>\u00e2yetini indirdi.[25]<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe, 17. \u00e2yetin Abdurrahman hakk\u0131nda indi\u011fi iddias\u0131n\u0131 da reddetmi\u015ftir. Ona g\u00f6re bu \u00e2yet, ana-babas\u0131na \u00e2si gelen bir k\u00e2fir hakk\u0131nda inmi\u015ftir. Zecc\u00e2c\u2019a g\u00f6re de 18 ve 19. \u00e2yetler, 17. \u00e2yetin m\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmadan \u00f6nce Abdurrahman hakk\u0131nda indi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc iptal etmektedir.[26]<\/a> \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, bu \u00e2yet-i kerimenin bu \u015fekilde s\u00f6yleyen herkes hakk\u0131nda umumi oldu\u011funu, Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in o\u011flu Abdurrahman hakk\u0131nda n\u00e2zil oldu\u011funa dair rivayetlerin zay\u0131f oldu\u011funu, Abdurrahman b. Eb\u00ee Bekir\u2019in daha sonra m\u00fcsl\u00fcman oldu\u011funu ve zaman\u0131n\u0131n en hay\u0131rl\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledikten sonra bununla ilgili olarak Buh\u00e2r\u00ee\u2019nin \u015fu rivayetini zikreder: Muaviye\u2019nin Hicaz valisi Mervan bir g\u00fcn hutbede Muaviye\u2019nin o\u011flu Yez\u00eed\u2019i zikredip Muaviye\u2019den sonra ona bey\u02bbat etmelerini s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in o\u011flu Abdurrahman kalkt\u0131 ve bir \u015feyler s\u00f6yledi. Bunun \u00fczerine Mervan; \u201cYakalay\u0131n \u015funu!\u201d dedi, yakalamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131larsa da o ka\u00e7\u0131p Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe\u2019nin evine s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131. Mervan; \u201cMuhakkak ki o, Allah Teal\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n, hakk\u0131nda \u00abAnne ve babas\u0131na; \u201c\u00d6f size! Beni tekrar diriltilmekle mi tehdit ediyorsunuz?\u201d diyen…\u00bb<\/b> \u00e2yetini indirdi\u011fi ki\u015fidir\u201d dedi. Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe de perde arkas\u0131ndan; \u201cAllah Teal\u00e2, benim hakl\u0131 oldu\u011fumu bildirdi\u011fi \u00e2yetler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bizim hakk\u0131m\u0131zda Kur\u2019\u00e2n\u2019dan hi\u00e7bir \u015fey indirmemi\u015ftir\u201d dedi.[27]<\/a> Di\u011fer rivayete g\u00f6re; \u201cKimin hakk\u0131nda indi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek isteseydim onun ismini verirdim\u201d demi\u015ftir.[28]<\/a> S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe\u2019nin, bu \u00e2yet-i kerimenin bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda n\u00e2zil oldu\u011funu ve o ki\u015finin ismini s\u00f6yledi\u011fini nakletmekte ise de kendisi bu ismi zikretmemi\u015ftir.[29]<\/a><\/p>\n

Bu \u00f6rnekler g\u00f6steriyor ki Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in ailesi tefsirlerin pek\u00e7ok sayfas\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu, onlar\u0131n ilimdeki seviyeleri hakk\u0131nda bize bir kanaat vermektedir. \u015eu rivayet de Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir ve ailesinin ilm\u00ee y\u00f6nden ne kadar \u00fcst\u00fcn bir seviyeye sahip oldu\u011funa \u015fahitlik etmektedir: Urve b. Z\u00fcbeyr, teyzesi Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe\u2019ye; \u201cAnneci\u011fim! Senin kuvvetli anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na ve f\u0131kh\u0131na \u015fa\u015fm\u0131yorum, \u00abRas\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in zevcesi ve Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in k\u0131z\u0131\u00bb diyorum. \u015eiir, Arap k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve tarihi ile al\u00e2kal\u0131 ilmine de \u015fa\u015fm\u0131yorum, \u00abHz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in k\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r, o, bu hususta insanlar\u0131n en \u00e2limi veya en \u00e2limlerinden biriydi\u00bb diyorum. Ancak t\u0131b ilmine \u015fa\u015f\u0131yorum! O ilmi nas\u0131l elde ettin, bu ilim sana nereden geldi?\u201d diye sordu. Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe, Urve\u2019nin omzuna vurarak \u015f\u00f6yle dedi; \u201cEy Urvecik! Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn son zamanlar\u0131nda hastalan\u0131rd\u0131. Ona her y\u00f6nden Arap kabilelerinin heyetleri gelirdi. Bunlar Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ila\u00e7lar tarif ederlerdi. Ben de bu ila\u00e7lar\u0131 onun i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlard\u0131m. \u0130\u015fte t\u0131p ilmim oradan geliyor.\u201d[30]<\/a><\/p>\n

Rivayetlerden anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere onlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 ve yeti\u015ftikleri ortam tefsir a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bereketli bir ortam idi. Babalar\u0131 Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in hayattaki tercihleri sayesinde b\u00f6ylesi bir \u015ferefe nail olmu\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Gerek Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019ne yak\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131, gerekse ilm\u00ee yeterlilikleri sebebiyle m\u00fcfessirler Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in ailesine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nem atfetmi\u015flerdir. Mesela t\u00e2bi\u00eenin muhaddis ve fakihlerinden Mesr\u00fbk, Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe\u2019den bir \u015fey rivayet edece\u011fi zaman: \u201cBana S\u0131dd\u00eek\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 S\u0131dd\u00eeka, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n hab\u00eebesi, semadan temiz oldu\u011fu bildirilen \u00c2i\u015fe (r.a) haber verdi ki\u2026\u201d demi\u015ftir.[31]<\/a> T\u00fcm bunlar Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir ailesinin tefsirde ve di\u011fer \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee ilimlerde m\u00fchim bir yere sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n

[1]<\/a> Fayda, \u201cEb\u00fb Bekir\u201d mad., D\u0130A,<\/i> X,\u00a0105-106.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[2]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Teyemm\u00fcm, 1, 2<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[3]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Teyemm\u00fcm, 2; Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Tah\u00e2ret, 121\/317; Ahmed, VI, 57. Bkz. Taber\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> VIII, 401; \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> II, 321-322.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[4]<\/a> Taber\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> VIII, 418; \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> II, 322. Kr\u015f. Muk\u00e2til b. S\u00fcleyman, I, 456.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[5]<\/a> en-N\u00fbr 24\/11.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[6]<\/a> Tefs\u00eeru Dahh\u00e2k,<\/i> II, 609.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[7]<\/a> en-N\u00fbr 24\/11.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[8]<\/a> \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> VI, 25. Bkz. Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> 24\/8; Ahmed, I, 276; H\u00e2kim, IV, 9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[9]<\/a> el-Ahz\u00e2b 33\/28-29.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[10]<\/a> M\u00fcslim, Tal\u00e2k, 29; Ahmed, III, 328, 342.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[11]<\/a> Taber\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> XX, 254.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[12]<\/a> el-Hucur\u00e2t 49\/11.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[13]<\/a> Muk\u00e2til b. S\u00fcleyman, IV, 95.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[14]<\/a> Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe ve di\u011fer sahabiler, b\u00fct\u00fcn faziletlerine ra\u011fmen birer insand\u0131lar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla zaman zaman hatalar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 tabiidir. Onlar hatalar\u0131n\u0131 anlay\u0131nca hemen vazge\u00e7mi\u015flerdir. Di\u011fer taraftan Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v) ile birlikte ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n bu t\u00fcr davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, bir k\u0131s\u0131m \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin \u00f6\u011frenilmesine vesile olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[15]<\/a> Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Edeb, 35\/4875. Kr\u015f. Ahmed, VI, 189; Tirmiz\u00ee, K\u0131y\u00e2met, 51\/2502. \u015euayb Arna\u00fbt, M\u00fcslim\u2019in \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u201csahih\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[16]<\/a> Tefs\u00eeru Dahh\u00e2k,<\/i> II, 877.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[17]<\/a> el-Bakara 2\/272.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[18]<\/a> Muk\u00e2til b. S\u00fcleyman, I, 224; R\u00e2z\u00ee, VII, 65.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[19]<\/a> Kurtub\u00ee, III, 337.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[20]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Hibe, 29; Edeb, 7-8; M\u00fcslim, Zek\u00e2t, 50. Kr\u015f. Ahmed, IV, 4; H\u00e2kim, II, 527-528\/3804.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[21]<\/a> el-M\u00fcmteh\u0131ne 60\/8. \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> VIII, 90. Benzer bir rivayet i\u00e7in bkz. Taber\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> XXIII, 322; \u0130bn Eb\u00ee H\u00e2tim, X, 3349; Be\u011fav\u00ee, VIII, 96.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[22]<\/a> Ferr\u00e2, I, 339; \u0130bn Kuteybe, s. 135.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[23]<\/a> el-Ahk\u00e2f 46\/17.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[24]<\/a> el-Ahk\u00e2f 46\/18.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[25]<\/a> Ferr\u00e2, III, 53-54. Kr\u015f. Taber\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> II, 118; Be\u011fav\u00ee, VII, 258-259.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[26]<\/a> Be\u011fav\u00ee, VII, 259; Eb\u00fb Hayy\u00e2n, IX, 441.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[27]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Tefs\u00eeru\u2019l-Kur\u2019\u00e2n, 46\/2; \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> VII, 283-284.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[28]<\/a> Nes\u00e2\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Abdirrahman Ahmed b. \u015euayb b. Ali el-Hor\u00e2s\u00e2n\u00ee (v. 303\/915), es-S\u00fcnen\u00fc\u2019l-k\u00fcbr\u00e2 <\/i>(I-XII), <\/i>thk. Hasan Abd\u00fclm\u00fcn\u02bbim \u015eeleb\u00ee, Beyrut: Ris\u00e2le, 1421\/2001, X, 257\/11427.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[29]<\/a> S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, L\u00fcb\u00e2b\u00fc\u2019n-n\u00fck\u00fbl<\/i>, s. 212. Senedi \u201cvah\u00ee\u201ddir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[30]<\/a> Ahmed, VI, 67. \u015euayb Arna\u00fbt haberin \u201csahih\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[31]<\/a> Be\u011fav\u00ee, VI, 29.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir iman, ak\u0131l, muhabbet, firaset ve dirayetiyle hayat\u0131n her alan\u0131nda m\u00fcmtaz bir mevki kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi ailesini de g\u00fczel bir \u015fekilde yeti\u015ftirerek onlar\u0131 da y\u00fcksek mevkilere \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zira onun… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[691],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14739","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hzebubekirinkuranahizmetlerivetefsirdekiyeri"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3G27m-3PJ","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14739","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14739"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14739\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14740,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14739\/revisions\/14740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14739"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14739"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14739"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}