Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n do\u011fu\u015funda ve geli\u015fmesinde \u00e7ok m\u00fchim roller \u00fcstlendi\u011fi i\u00e7in Kur\u2019\u00e2n tefsirlerinin pek\u00e7ok yerinde muhtelif vesilelerle zikri ge\u00e7mektedir. Bu da onun tefsirdeki yerine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmaktad\u0131r. Tefsirlerde ona at\u0131fta bulunulan her yeri burada saymak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Ancak aralar\u0131ndan se\u00e7ti\u011fimiz baz\u0131 yerlere \u015fu \u015fekilde temas edebiliriz:<\/p>\n
a) el-Bakara 2\/230 \u00e2yetinin tefsirinde nakledildi\u011fi \u00fczere ilk kocas\u0131ndan ayr\u0131l\u0131p bir ba\u015fkas\u0131yla evlenen bir kad\u0131n tekrar ilk kocas\u0131na d\u00f6nmek isteyerek Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019ne gelmi\u015f, ancak kendisine ikinci kocas\u0131yla cins\u00ee m\u00fcnasebette bulunmadan bo\u015fan\u0131p ilk kocas\u0131na d\u00f6nmesinin dinen m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenmi\u015fti. Bu \u015fart\u0131 yerine getirmeyen kad\u0131n Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in hilafeti zaman\u0131nda ona m\u00fcracaat etmi\u015f, ancak o da; \u201cAllah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019ne geldi\u011finde seni g\u00f6rd\u00fcm, o sana s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yledi, (ben de ayn\u0131 \u015feyi s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorum), \u015fimdi d\u00f6n git!\u201d demi\u015ftir.[1]<\/a> Ayn\u0131 h\u00e2disede kad\u0131n Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019e geldi\u011finde ikinci kocas\u0131n\u0131n erkekli\u011finin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kin\u00e2yeli bir \u015fekilde s\u00f6ylemi\u015f, kap\u0131da beklemekte olan H\u00e2lid b. Sa\u00eed bu duruma \u015fa\u015f\u0131rarak, Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn yan\u0131nda oturan Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e seslenmi\u015f; \u201cEy Eb\u00fb Bekir, ey Eb\u00fb Bekir, \u015fu kad\u0131n\u0131n Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in yan\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131k konu\u015ftu\u011fu \u015feyi duymuyor musun? (Ona m\u00e2n\u00ee olmayacak m\u0131s\u0131n?)\u201d demi\u015ftir.[2]<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n b) Be\u011fav\u00ee, en-Nis\u00e2 4\/125 \u00e2yetindeki \u201chal\u00eel: dost\u201d kelimesini tefsir ederken Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn; \u201c\u00c7ok yak\u0131n bir dost (hal\u00eel) edinseydim Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019i edinirdim. L\u00e2kin o benim karde\u015fim ve arkada\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. <\/i>(Kendisini kastederek) \u015e\u00fcphesiz bu arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131, Allah -azze ve celle- dost edinmi\u015ftir\u201d<\/i>[3]<\/a> hadisine yer verir.[4]<\/a><\/p>\n c) Tefsir kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131zda Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019den bahsedilen yerlerden biri de, \u201cHat\u0131rla ki, k\u00e2firler seni tutup ba\u011flamalar\u0131 veya \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeleri yahut seni (yurdundan) \u00e7\u0131karmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in sana tuzak kuruyorlard\u0131\u2026\u201d<\/b>[5]<\/a> \u00e2yetinin tefsiridir. Orada \u015fu h\u00e2diseye yer verilir: <\/b>M\u00fc\u015frikler, Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) K\u00e2be\u2019yi tavaf edip Hacer-i Esved\u2019i istilam ederken hep birden \u00fczerine kapan\u0131p hi\u00e7bir a\u00e7\u0131k yer b\u0131rakmadan onu ku\u015fatmaya ve kimse g\u00f6rmeden ortalar\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye karar verdiler. B\u00f6ylece kavmi onu kimin \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bilemeyecek ve diyet kabul etmek mecburiyetinde kalacakt\u0131. Tam dedikleri gibi yapt\u0131klar\u0131 esnada bu durum Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e haber edildi. Derhal geldi ama Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019ne ula\u015facak bir giri\u015f bulamad\u0131, \u201cBir adam\u0131 \u00abRabbim All\u00e2h\u2019t\u0131r\u00bb diyor diye \u00f6ld\u00fcrecek misiniz?! H\u00e2lbuki o, size Rabbinizden apa\u00e7\u0131k m\u00fbcizeler getirmi\u015ftir\u201d<\/b>[6]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a> <\/b>dedi. Sonra Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 onlar\u0131 Nebiyy-i Ekrem\u2019in ba\u015f\u0131ndan da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131.[7]<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n d) et-Tevbe 9\/75 \u00e2yetinin tefsirinde, ba\u015fta zek\u00e2t vermek istemeyip a\u011f\u0131r s\u00f6zler s\u00f6yleyen ama daha sonra pi\u015fman olan Sa\u02bblebe\u2019nin k\u0131ssas\u0131ndan bahsedilir. O, daha sonra zek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 getirdi\u011finde Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v) onu kabul etmemi\u015fti. Eb\u00fb Bekir halife olunca ona getirdi, o da \u201cRas\u00fblullah (s.a.v) kabul etmedi de ben mi kabul edece\u011fim?\u201d diye onu geri \u00e7evirdi.[8]<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n e) Y\u00fbnus 10\/14 \u00e2yetinin tefsirinde Avf b. M\u00e2lik\u2019in bir r\u00fcyas\u0131ndan bahsedilir. R\u00fcyas\u0131nda semadan bir ipin sark\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in o iple yukar\u0131 \u00e7ekildi\u011fini, sonra tekrar sark\u0131t\u0131l\u0131p Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in yukar\u0131 \u00e7ekildi\u011fini g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu r\u00fcyay\u0131 Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e anlat\u0131rken \u00d6mer (r.a) m\u00fcdahele edip; \u201cB\u0131rak \u015fu r\u00fcyan\u0131, bize anlatma, ona ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z yok!\u201d diyerek Avf\u2019\u0131 susturmu\u015f, kendisi halife oldu\u011funda onu \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131p r\u00fcyas\u0131n\u0131 tekrar anlatmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015fti. Avf da daha \u00f6nce ni\u00e7in kendisini azarlayarak r\u00fcyas\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorunca; \u201cAllah iyili\u011fini versin! Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in halifesine kendi vefat\u0131n\u0131 haber vermeni ho\u015f g\u00f6rmedim!\u201d demi\u015ftir.[9]<\/a> Yani Hz. \u00d6mer bu r\u00fcyada Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in vefat\u0131n\u0131n haber verildi\u011fini anlam\u0131\u015f ve Avf\u2019\u0131 susturmu\u015ftur.<\/i><\/p>\n f) Y\u00fbsuf 12\/21 \u00e2yetinin tefsirinde Abdullah b. Mes\u02bb\u00fbd\u2019un \u015fu s\u00f6z\u00fcne yer verilir: \u201c\u0130nsanlar\u0131n en firasetlileri \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015fidir: Birincisi Y\u00fbsuf hakk\u0131nda firasetle karar veren M\u0131s\u0131r Az\u00eezi\u2019dir ki han\u0131m\u0131na; \u00abOna de\u011fer ver ve g\u00fczel bak! Umulur ki bize faydas\u0131 olur veya onu evl\u00e2t ediniriz\u00bb<\/b>[10]<\/a> demi\u015fti. H\u00e2lbuki o esnada di\u011fer insanlar ona de\u011fer vermiyorlard\u0131. \u0130kincisi Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019dir ki b\u00fcy\u00fck bir firaset g\u00f6stererek Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019i yerine halife olarak teklif etmi\u015ftir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc de; \u00abBabac\u0131\u011f\u0131m, onu \u00fccretle (\u00e7oban) tut. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fccretle istihdam edece\u011fin en iyi kimse, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve g\u00fcvenilir oland\u0131r\u00bb<\/b>[11]<\/a> diyen kad\u0131nd\u0131r.\u201d[12]<\/a><\/p>\n g) en-N\u00fbr 24\/11-20 \u00e2yetlerinin tefsirinde nakledilen bir rivayette Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe der ki: \u201cAllah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 benim hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ma dair \u00e2yetleri indirdi. Benim sebebimle bu \u00fcmmet neredeyse hel\u00e2k olacakt\u0131. Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019den vahiy hali kalk\u0131p melek semaya y\u00fckselince Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v) Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e; \u00abK\u0131z\u0131na git haber ver, Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 onun hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bilgiyi semadan indirdi\u00bb<\/i> buyurmu\u015f. Babam neredeyse t\u00f6kezleyecek gibi bir halde ko\u015farak bana gelip; \u00abM\u00fcjde k\u0131z\u0131m, anam babam sana feda olsun! Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 senin hakl\u0131 oldu\u011funa dair \u00e2yet indirdi\u00bb dedi\u2026\u201d[13]<\/a><\/p>\n h) ez-Zuhruf 43\/44 \u00e2yetinin tefsirinde, Kurey\u015f kabilesindeki faziletli insanlardan bahsedilirken ilk \u00f6nce s\u0131dd\u00eekiyet vasf\u0131yla Eb\u00fb Bekir zikredilir.[14]<\/a><\/p>\n \u0131) el-Feth 48\/25 \u00e2yetinin tefsirinde Hudeybiye sulh\u00fcnden bahsedilir. Kurey\u015f\u2019in el\u00e7isi olarak gelen Urve b. Mes\u02bb\u00fbd, Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019e, etraf\u0131ndaki insanlar\u0131n kendisini b\u0131rak\u0131p ka\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyince Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a) dayanamay\u0131p, Araplar aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olan bir hakaret c\u00fcmlesiyle; \u201cSen git L\u00e2t\u2019\u0131n fercini yala! Biz mi ka\u00e7\u0131p onu yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakacakm\u0131\u015f\u0131z?\u201d diye sert bir cevap vermi\u015ftir. Urve, konu\u015fan\u0131n kim oldu\u011funu sorup Eb\u00fb Bekir oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenince; \u201cNefsim elinde olan Zat\u2019a yemin ederim ki bana yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fun ve hen\u00fcz kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veremedi\u011fim iyili\u011fin olmasayd\u0131 sana cevap verirdim\u201d demi\u015ftir. Bir m\u00fcddet sonra sulh yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, baz\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r maddelere itiraz eden \u00d6mer (r.a) celallenince onu ikna edip sakinle\u015ftirmek de yine Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.[15]<\/a><\/p>\n Bu \u015fekilde tefsirlerin pek\u00e7ok yerinde s\u0131k s\u0131k Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019den bahsedilmektedir. M\u00fcfessirlerin muhtelif vesilelerle ona \u00e7ok\u00e7a temas etmeleri, onun \u0130sl\u00e2m tarihi ve \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee ilimler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemine i\u015faret etmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in, di\u011fer \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee ilimlerde oldu\u011fu gibi tefsir ilminde de esasl\u0131 bir yerinin oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n [1]<\/a> Be\u011fav\u00ee, I, 273.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [2]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, \u015eeh\u00e2d\u00e2t, 3; M\u00fcslim, Nik\u00e2h, 111; Ahmed, VI, 37; Taber\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> IV, 591.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [3]<\/a> M\u00fcslim, Fed\u00e2il\u00fc\u2019s-Sah\u00e2be, 3. Kr\u015f. Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Ash\u00e2bu\u2019n-Neb\u00ee, 5.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [4]<\/a> Be\u011fav\u00ee, II, 292.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [5]<\/a> el-Enf\u00e2l 8\/30.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [6]<\/a> el-M\u00fc\u2019min 40\/28.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [7]<\/a> Taber\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> XIII, 501.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [8]<\/a> Taber\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> XIV, 371; Be\u011fav\u00ee, IV, 77. Rivayet zay\u0131ft\u0131r. Ahmed Muhammed \u015e\u00e2kir, isnad\u0131nda \u201cmetr\u00fbk\u201d bir r\u00e2vinin bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. Eb\u00fb Gudde bu rivayetin son derece zay\u0131f ve illetli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. R\u00e2vilerinden Mu\u00e2n b. Rif\u00e2a, kendisinden rivayette bulunman\u0131n hel\u00e2l olmayaca\u011f\u0131 \u201cmetr\u00fbk\u201d biridir (Leknev\u00ee, el-\u0130m\u00e2m Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Hasen\u00e2t Muhammed Abd\u00fclhay el-Hind\u00ee (v. 1304), el-Ecvibet\u00fc\u2019l-f\u00e2d\u0131la li\u2019l-es\u2019ileti\u2019l-a\u015ferati\u2019l-k\u00e2mile,<\/i> ta\u02bbl\u00eek, Abd\u00fclfettah Eb\u00fb Gudde, Haleb: Mektebet\u00fc\u2019l-Matb\u00fb\u00e2ti\u2019l-\u0130sl\u00e2miye, 1404\/1984, <\/i>s. 108).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [9]<\/a> Taber\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer,<\/i> XV, 39. Ahmed Muhammed \u015e\u00e2kir bu senedde \u201cmetr\u00fbk\u201d bir r\u00e2v\u00eenin bulundu\u011funu ancak \u0130bn Sa\u02bbd\u2019\u0131n ayn\u0131 rivayeti farkl\u0131 ifadelerle ve \u201chasen\u201d bir senedle rivayet etti\u011fini s\u00f6yler (\u0130bn Sa\u02bbd, III, 331).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [10]<\/a> Y\u00fbsuf 12\/21.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n [11]<\/a> el-Kasas 28\/26.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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