{"id":14819,"date":"2016-12-01T13:43:55","date_gmt":"2016-12-01T11:43:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=14819"},"modified":"2016-12-01T13:43:55","modified_gmt":"2016-12-01T11:43:55","slug":"5-zuhd-ve-takvasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=14819","title":{"rendered":"5. Z\u00fchd ve Takvas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in son derece zahidane bir hayat\u0131 vard\u0131. \u00d6nceki hayat\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi halifeli\u011fi esnas\u0131nda da gayet sade bir hayat ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Halife se\u00e7ildikten sonra eski mesle\u011fi olan ticarete devam etmek istedi ve koluna att\u0131\u011f\u0131 elbiselerle \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yolunu tuttu. Yolda rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hz. \u00d6mer ona, m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n i\u015flerini \u00fczerine ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ticarete devam etti\u011finde i\u015flerin aksayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatt\u0131. Eb\u00fb Bekir; \u201cPeki, ailemi ne ile ge\u00e7indirece\u011fim?\u201d diye sordu. \u00d6mer (r.a) onu Beyt\u00fclmal emini Eb\u00fb Ubeyde\u2019ye g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc ve ashab\u0131n ileri gelenleriyle de isti\u015fare ederek kendisine maa\u015f ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 temin etti. Eb\u00fb Ubeyde, halifeye, orta halli bir muhacirin g\u0131das\u0131 miktar\u0131nca yiyecek ile yazl\u0131k ve k\u0131\u015fl\u0131k iki elbise tahsis etti. Eskitti\u011fi elbiseyi getirip yenisini g\u00f6t\u00fcrmesini s\u00f6yledi.[1]<\/a> Bu rivayet \u0130sl\u00e2m halifesinin hayatta ne ile yetindi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/i><\/p>\n

Bir g\u00fcn Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e, i\u00e7mesi i\u00e7in bal \u015ferbeti ikram edilmi\u015fti. \u015eerbeti a\u011fz\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u011flamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Yan\u0131ndakiler de g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 tutamad\u0131lar. Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e a\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi sorulunca \u015fu cevab\u0131 verdi: \u201cRas\u00fblullah (s.a.v) ile birlikte bulunuyordum. O esnada; \u00abUzakla\u015f benden, uzakla\u015f benden!\u00bb<\/i> diyerek, bir \u015feyi yan\u0131ndan kovmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. Ancak, ben bir \u015fey g\u00f6remiyordum. Ne oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenmek isteyince Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v) \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: \u00abD\u00fcnya b\u00fct\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bana g\u00f6sterildi. Ona; \u201cBenden uzakla\u015f!\u201d dedim. O da uzakla\u015ft\u0131, ancak \u015f\u00f6yle seslendi:<\/i> \u201cAllah\u2019a yemin olsun ki benden ka\u00e7\u0131p kurtulsan da, senden sonra gelenler benden ka\u00e7amayacaklar!\u201d.\u00bb.<\/i>\u201d Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a), s\u00f6zlerine devamla; \u201c\u0130\u015fte ben de d\u00fcnyan\u0131n beni aldatmas\u0131ndan korktum da o sebeple a\u011flad\u0131m\u201d dedi.[2]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir kimseden bir \u015fey istemezdi. Binek \u00fczerindeyken yular\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fse, inip kendisi al\u0131r, \u201cS\u00f6yleseydin biz al\u0131verirdik\u201d diyenlere de Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn kimseden bir \u015fey istememeyi tavsiye etti\u011fini s\u00f6ylerdi.\u201d[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir \u00f6l\u00fcm d\u00f6\u015fe\u011findeyken kendisine ait bir arazi par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131larak hilafeti m\u00fcddetince ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 maa\u015flar\u0131n devlet hazinesine geri \u00f6denmesini vasiyet etti.[4]<\/a> K\u0131z\u0131 Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe\u2019ye, s\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7tikleri deveyi, i\u00e7inde elbise boyad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kab\u0131 ve giydi\u011fi kadife elbiseyi vefat\u0131ndan sonra Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019e teslim etmesini vasiyet etti. Gerek\u00e7e olarak da bunlardan, m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n i\u015flerini deruhte ederken istifade etti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe babas\u0131n\u0131n vefat\u0131ndan sonra bunlar\u0131 yeni halife Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019e teslim etti. Bu e\u015fyalar\u0131 teslim alan \u00d6mer (r.a) h\u00fcz\u00fcnlendi. Sonra da; \u201cEb\u00fb Bekir! Allah\u2019\u0131n rahmeti senin \u00fczerine olsun! Senden sonra gelenleri \u00e7ok m\u00fc\u015fkil durumda b\u0131rakt\u0131n!\u201d dedi.[5]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a) Mekke\u2019de mal\u0131n\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m u\u011fruna bezletmi\u015f, hicret ederken de kalan\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131na alarak ailesine hi\u00e7 bir\u015fey b\u0131rakmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Zira ileride ne ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015facaklar\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyor ve \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n tebli\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok mala ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin edebiliyordu. Daha sonra \u0130sl\u00e2m kuvvetlenip ganimetler gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve Eb\u00fb Bekir halife oldu\u011funda, o, bu dava u\u011fruna harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mallar\u0131n\u0131 telafi yoluna gitmedi. \u201c\u00c7ilesini \u00e7ektik, nimetini de yiyelim\u201d diye bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye hi\u00e7 kap\u0131lmad\u0131. S\u0131rf Allah i\u00e7in infak etti ve tertemiz Rabbine gitti.<\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in takvas\u0131na gelince o, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131 ya\u015fama konusunda \u00e7ok hassas davran\u0131r, eksikleri varsa hemen gidermeye gayret ederdi. Vahiy k\u00e2tiplerinden olan Hanzale (r.a) \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r: Bir g\u00fcn Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir beni (a\u011flarken) g\u00f6rd\u00fc ve; \u201cNeyin var ey Hanzale?\u201d diye sordu. Ben de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir teess\u00fcr ve endi\u015fe i\u00e7inde; \u201cHanzala m\u00fcn\u00e2f\u0131k oldu!\u201d dedim. \u201cS\u00fcbh\u00e2nallah! Sen ne s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorsun?\u201d deyince; \u201cBiz, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131nda iken \u00f6yle bir h\u00e2le geliyoruz ki, bize cennet ve cehennemi hat\u0131rlatarak \u00f6\u011f\u00fct verdi\u011finde adeta Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hakk\u2019\u0131, cennet ve cehennemi g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fczle g\u00f6r\u00fcyormu\u015f gibi oluyoruz. Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n huzurundan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u00e7oluk-\u00e7ocu\u011fumuz ve d\u00fcnyevi mai\u015fetimizle me\u015fgul olmaya dal\u0131nca, i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz hissiyat\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu kaybediyor, Efendimiz\u2019in nasihatlerini unutuyoruz\u201d dedim. Eb\u00fb Bekir; \u201cVallahi, buna benzer haller bizde de oluyor\u201d dedi. Bunun \u00fczerine ikimiz kalk\u0131p do\u011fru Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n huzuruna vard\u0131k ve durumu kendisine arz ettik. Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Can\u0131m kudret elinde olan Allah\u2019a yemin ederim ki, siz benim yan\u0131mdaki ve zikir esnas\u0131ndaki halinizi devaml\u0131 muhafaza edebilseydiniz; melekler, yataklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n \u00fczerinde ve yollarda (yani gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz) sizinle musafaha eder, sizi tebrik ederlerdi.<\/i> (\u00dc\u00e7 defa tekrarlayarak); Ey Hanzale! Bazen \u00f6yle, bazen de b\u00f6yle olur!\u201d<\/i>[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

Bir defas\u0131nda Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v); \u201cAllah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 kibirlenip b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck taslayarak elbisesinin ete\u011fini yerde s\u00fcr\u00fcyen kimsenin k\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fcnde y\u00fcz\u00fcne bakmaz!\u201d<\/i> buyurmu\u015ftu. Bunun \u00fczerine Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a); \u201cY\u00e2 Ras\u00fblallah! Dikkat etmedi\u011fimde benim de elbisemin ete\u011fi yerde s\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcyor\u201d diye endi\u015fesini dile getirdi. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v); \u201c\u015e\u00fcphesiz sen bunu b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck taslamak i\u00e7in yapm\u0131yorsun!\u201d <\/i>buyurdu.[7]<\/a><\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir bir cuma g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p insanlara; \u201cYar\u0131n toplan\u0131n da zek\u00e2t develerini taksim edelim, ancak hi\u00e7 kimse izin almaks\u0131z\u0131n bizim yan\u0131m\u0131za girmesin!\u201d dedi. Ertesi g\u00fcn bir kad\u0131n kocas\u0131na bir yular vererek; \u201c\u015eunu al git; kim bilir belki Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 bir deve nasip eder\u201d dedi. Adam geldi, Eb\u00fb Bekir ile \u00d6mer\u2019in develerin yan\u0131na girdi\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fc ve onlarla birlikte o da girdi. Eb\u00fb Bekir ona d\u00f6nerek; \u201cYan\u0131m\u0131za niye girdin?\u201d diyerek elindeki yular\u0131 al\u0131p ona vurdu. Develerin taksimini bitirince adam\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rarak yular\u0131 kendisine verip; \u201cAl, sen de bana vur, k\u0131sas yap!\u201d dedi. Hz. \u00d6mer; \u201cAllah\u2019a yemin ederim ki k\u0131sas yapmayacak! B\u00f6yle bir \u015feyi s\u00fcnnet haline getirme!\u201d dedi. Eb\u00fb Bekir; \u201cPeki, o halde k\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fc beni Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n huzurunda kim kurtaracak?!\u201d dedi. Bunun \u00fczerine \u00d6mer (r.a); \u201c\u015eu anda onun g\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u00fc al\u0131p raz\u0131 edebilirsin!\u201d dedi. Bunun \u00fczerine Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a) hizmet\u00e7isine, semeri ve \u00e7uluyla birlikte devesini ve ayr\u0131ca be\u015f dinar getirmesini emretti. Bunlar\u0131 vererek o zat\u0131 raz\u0131 etti.[8]<\/a><\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a) konu\u015fmas\u0131na \u00e7ok dikkat eder, a\u011fz\u0131ndan yanl\u0131\u015f bir s\u00f6z \u00e7\u0131kmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in kendisini s\u0131k s\u0131k hesaba \u00e7ekerdi. Hz. \u00d6mer, bir g\u00fcn Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019i dilini tutmu\u015f \u00e7eki\u015ftirirken g\u00f6rd\u00fc. \u201cNe yap\u0131yorsun ey Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n halifesi?\u201d diye sordu. Eb\u00fb Bekir; \u201cBeni tehlikelere s\u00fcr\u00fckleyen i\u015fte \u015fu dilimdir. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v); \u00abBedende hi\u00e7bir uzuv yok ki Allah\u2019a dilin sivri ve keskin konu\u015fmalar\u0131ndan \u015fik\u00e2yet etmesin!\u00bb <\/i>buyurdu\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdi.[9]<\/a><\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in Allah korkusu \u00e7ok fazla idi. Bir g\u00fcn temiz ve berrak bir havada d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. O esnada a\u011fac\u0131n dal\u0131na konmu\u015f \u00f6ten bir ku\u015f g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Birden h\u00fcz\u00fcnlendi ve i\u00e7ini \u00e7ekti. Ku\u015fa g\u0131ptayla bakt\u0131 ve \u015f\u00f6yle seslendi: \u201cNe mutlu sana ey ku\u015f! Vallahi ben de senin gibi olmak isterdim. A\u011fac\u0131n \u00fczerine konuyorsun, meyvelerinden yiyorsun, sonra da u\u00e7up gidiyorsun. Ne hesap var, ne de azap! Vallahi (Rabbimin huzurunda hesaba \u00e7ekilecek) bir insan olmaktansa, yolun kenar\u0131nda bir a\u011fa\u00e7 olmay\u0131, bir devenin gelip beni a\u011fz\u0131na alarak \u00e7i\u011fneyip yutmas\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcbre olarak \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131n\u0131 ne kadar isterdim.\u201d[10]<\/a><\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bu rivayetler Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in d\u00fcnya sevgisini kalbine koymad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Allah\u2019tan \u00e7ok korktu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n
\n
\n

[1]<\/a> S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-hulef\u00e2, <\/i>s. 164; Kett\u00e2n\u00ee, I, 80; Sar\u0131\u00e7am, Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir, <\/i>s. 83-84.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[2]<\/a> Bkz. H\u00e2kim, IV, 344\/7856; Eb\u00fb Nuaym, Hilye, <\/i>I, 30-31; Beyhak\u00ee, \u015euab<\/i>, XIII, 113.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[3]<\/a> Ahmed, I, 11. \u015euayb Arna\u00fbt \u201chasen li-\u011fayrihi\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[4]<\/a> \u0130bn-i-Es\u00eer, el-K\u00e2mil, <\/i>II, 428-429.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[5]<\/a> Bkz. \u0130bn Sa\u02bbd, III, 192-194; S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-hulef\u00e2,<\/i> s. 78-79.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[6]<\/a> M\u00fcslim, Tevbe, 12-13. Di\u011fer riv\u00e2yetlerde Hanzale\u2019nin a\u011flayarak Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in yan\u0131na var\u0131p halini \u015fik\u00e2yet etti\u011fi ifade edilmektedir (Tirmiz\u00ee, K\u0131y\u00e2met, 59\/2514; \u0130bn M\u00e2ce, Z\u00fchd, 28; Ahmed, IV, 178).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[7]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Lib\u00e2s 2, Ash\u00e2bu\u2019n-Neb\u00ee 5; M\u00fcslim, Lib\u00e2s 43-44; Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Lib\u00e2s 25.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[8]<\/a> \u0130bn Vehb Eb\u00fb Muhammed Abdullah b. Vehb b. M\u00fcslim el-M\u0131sr\u00ee el-Kure\u015f\u00ee (v. 197\/813), el-C\u00e2mi\u02bb fi\u2019l-had\u00ees,<\/i> thk. Rif\u02bbat Fevz\u00ee Abd\u00fclmuttalip – Ali Abd\u00fclb\u00e2sit Mez\u00eed, D\u00e2ru\u2019l-Vef\u00e2, 1425, II, 305; Beyhak\u00ee, es-S\u00fcnen\u00fc\u2019l-k\u00fcbr\u00e2,<\/i> VIII, 89\/16025.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[9]<\/a> Beyhak\u00ee, \u015euab<\/i>, VII, 24; Heysem\u00ee, X, 302. Kr\u015f. Muvatta\u2019<\/i>, Kel\u00e2m, 12.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[10]<\/a> \u0130bn Eb\u00ee \u015eeybe, Musannef<\/i>, VIII, 144\/34432; Beyhak\u00ee, \u015euab<\/i>, II, 227\/768.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in son derece zahidane bir hayat\u0131 vard\u0131. \u00d6nceki hayat\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi halifeli\u011fi esnas\u0131nda da gayet sade bir hayat ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Halife se\u00e7ildikten sonra eski mesle\u011fi olan ticarete devam etmek… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[691],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14819","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hzebubekirinkuranahizmetlerivetefsirdekiyeri"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3G27m-3R1","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14819","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14819"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14819\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14820,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14819\/revisions\/14820"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14819"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14819"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14819"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}