{"id":14837,"date":"2016-12-01T13:53:30","date_gmt":"2016-12-01T11:53:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=14837"},"modified":"2016-12-01T13:53:30","modified_gmt":"2016-12-01T11:53:30","slug":"4-dirayetli-yonetimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=14837","title":{"rendered":"4. Dirayetli Y\u00f6netimi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir hilafeti \u00fcstlenince idarecilikteki \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterdi. M\u00fcrtedlerin zuhuru sebebiyle tehlikeli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalan devleti eski birli\u011fine ve emniyetine kavu\u015fturdu. B\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc cihada, Irak ve \u015eam\u2019\u0131n fethine verdi.[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n s\u00fcnneti \u00fczere bir idare tesis etmeye azami gayret g\u00f6sterdi. Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn g\u00f6ndermek istedi\u011fi \u00dcs\u00e2me ordusunu ne pahas\u0131na olursa olsun g\u00f6nderdi, onun arzular\u0131n\u0131 ve va\u02bbdlerini harfiyyen yerine getirdi. Arap kabilelerinin irtidat edip Medine\u2019ye sald\u0131rma tehlikesi hat\u0131rlat\u0131larak bu ordunun g\u00f6nderilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kanlara Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a): \u201cRas\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n emrini yerine getirmekten daha evla bir \u015feyle bu i\u015fe ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 yapm\u0131\u015f olamam! Beni ku\u015flar\u0131n kap\u0131p ka\u00e7mas\u0131, bana, orduyu burada b\u0131rakmamdan daha sevimli gelir\u201d, \u201cEb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in can\u0131 elinde olan Allah\u2019a yemin ederim ki y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 hayvanlar\u0131n beni bu \u015fehirde par\u00e7alayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 bilsem yine de Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6nderilmesini emretti\u011fi bu orduyu g\u00f6nderirdim\u201d dedi ve bini atl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 bin ki\u015filik[2]<\/a> orduyu Rebiulevvel ay\u0131n\u0131n sonunda yola \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Bu ordu \u015eam topraklar\u0131na kadar ula\u015ft\u0131.[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in b\u00fct\u00fcn itirazlara ra\u011fmen o kritik d\u00f6nemde bu orduyu g\u00f6ndermesi fevkal\u00e2de isabetli bir karar olmu\u015ftur. Hatta, \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en faydal\u0131 i\u015f, bu ordunun g\u00f6nderilmesi olmu\u015ftur\u201d bile denebilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Arap kabileleri; \u201cBunlar\u0131n kuvveti olmasayd\u0131 bu orduyu g\u00f6nderemezlerdi\u201d diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek yapmak istedikleri isyan ve sald\u0131r\u0131lardan vazge\u00e7mi\u015flerdir.[4]<\/a> Bu ordu k\u0131rk[5]<\/a> veya yetmi\u015f g\u00fcn sonra ganimetlerle geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0130syan ve irtidat etmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen kabilelerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n Rumlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n neticesini merakla beklemi\u015f, \u00dcs\u00e2me ordusu s\u00e2limen d\u00f6n\u00fcnce \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00fczere sebat etmi\u015flerdir. Bu y\u00f6ndeki rivayetler Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in bu kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki firaset ve dirayeti ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.[7]<\/a><\/p>\n

Rivayetlere topluca bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir ve di\u011fer R\u00e2\u015fid Halifeler\u2019in, yapacaklar\u0131 i\u015flerde Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn niyet, arzu ve i\u015faretlerine \u00e7ok dikkat ettikleri anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. O bir \u015feyin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istediyse onu mutlaka yerine getirmek i\u00e7in gayret etmi\u015flerdir. Herhangi bir vali, kumandan ve memur tayin edeceklerinde yine bu k\u0131stasa g\u00f6re hareket etmi\u015flerdir. Dihlevi \u015f\u00f6yle der: \u201cHz. Eb\u00fb Bekir ve \u00d6mer halife olduklar\u0131nda birine bir vazife verecekleri zaman Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n o zata daha evvel m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n i\u015flerinden birini tevdi edip etmedi\u011fine bakarlard\u0131. E\u011fer b\u00f6yle bir \u015fey olmu\u015fsa onlar da verirler, yoksa tevakkuf ederlerdi.\u201d[8]<\/a> Bunu \u015fu h\u00e2disede m\u00fc\u015fahade etmek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr: Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n vefat etti\u011fini i\u015fiten \u00fc\u00e7 karde\u015f H\u00e2lid, Eb\u00e2n ve Amr b. Sa\u00eed b. \u00c2s, vali olduklar\u0131 yerlerden geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015flerdi. Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a) onlara; \u201cValili\u011fe Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n valilerinden daha l\u00e2y\u0131k kimse yoktur. Vazifenizin ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fcn!\u201d dedi. Onlar ise; \u201cRas\u00fblullah\u2019tan sonra kimse i\u00e7in valilik yapmay\u0131z\u201d dediler. \u015eam\u2019daki cephelere giderek hepsi de \u015fehit oldular.[9]<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

T\u00e2v\u00fbs (v. 106\/725) Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n, pe\u015finden Eb\u00fb Bekir, \u00d6mer ve Osman\u2019\u0131n Cuma hutbelerini hep ayakta \u00eer\u00e2d ettiklerini, minbere ilk oturan\u0131n Mu\u00e2viye b. Eb\u00ee S\u00fcfyan oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler.[10]<\/a> Bu durum da onun idarede Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn izini takip etti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir halifeli\u011fi esnas\u0131nda, Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn en ufak va\u02bbdini bile yerine getirmek i\u00e7in gayret etmi\u015ftir. Nitekim Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) Hz. C\u00e2bir\u2019e Bahreyn\u2019den gelecek ganimetlerden \u00fc\u00e7 avu\u00e7 vermeyi va\u02bbd etmi\u015fti ancak bu mallar ancak Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in hilafetinde geldi. Eb\u00fb Bekir; \u201cRas\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n kime herhangi bir va\u02bbdi veya borcu varsa bize m\u00fcracaat etsin!\u201d diye ilan etti. C\u00e2bir durumu anlat\u0131nca ona \u00fc\u00e7 avu\u00e7ta 1500 dinar veya dirhem para verdi.[11]<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

Kur\u2019\u00e2n\u2019\u0131 ve S\u00fcnnet\u2019i \u00e7ok iyi bilmesine, \u015feriat\u0131n maksatlar\u0131 ve h\u00fck\u00fcmleri hususunda keskin bir anlay\u0131\u015fa sahip olmas\u0131na ve pek \u00e7ok fetvalar vermesine ra\u011fmen Eb\u00fb Bekir devaml\u0131 ashab-\u0131 kiram ile isti\u015fare ederdi. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine merhamet h\u00e2kimdi (Bedir esirlerinden fidye kabul\u00fc gibi). Sekinet ve vakar sahibiydi (Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn vefat\u0131nda insanlar\u0131 teskin etmesi gibi). Siyasetinin ana vasf\u0131 kararl\u0131l\u0131k, keskinlik ve azimli olmakt\u0131 (Ridde olaylar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi). Hayat\u0131n\u0131n prensibi ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131, bilhassa da fakirleri ve hastalar\u0131 kollamak, onlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamakt\u0131.[12]<\/a><\/p>\n

Halife se\u00e7ildikten alt\u0131 ay kadar sonra evinde veya evinin yan\u0131nda ilk defa beyt\u00fclm\u00e2li kuran Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir, buraya muhaf\u0131z tayin edilmesini teklif edenlere kilitli oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in korkuya gerek bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Esasen kendisi, ganimet ve fey gelirlerini sahabiler aras\u0131nda e\u015fit olarak hemen da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in beyt\u00fclm\u00e2lin korunmas\u0131na fazla ihtiya\u00e7 yoktu. Nitekim vefat etti\u011fi zaman Hz. \u00d6mer baz\u0131 sahabilerle beyt\u00fclm\u00e2le girdi\u011finde burada bir dirhemden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey bulamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u015flerinin \u00e7oklu\u011fu sebebiyle evini Medine\u2019nin merkezine ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131nda beyt\u00fclm\u00e2le Eb\u00fb Ubeyde b. Cerr\u00e2h\u2019\u0131, kaz\u00e2 i\u015flerine Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019i, k\u00e2tipli\u011fine Zeyd b. S\u00e2bit ile Hz. Osman\u2019\u0131, h\u00e2cibli\u011fine \u00e2zatl\u0131s\u0131 \u015eed\u00eed\u2019i, Medine\u2019nin gece bek\u00e7ili\u011fine de Abdullah b. Mes\u02bb\u00fbd\u2019u tayin etti.[13]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a> Hilafeti d\u00f6nemi k\u0131sa oldu\u011fu ve bu esnada devlet idaresinde b\u00fcy\u00fck geli\u015fmeler olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yeni m\u00fcesseselere ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmad\u0131.[14]<\/a><\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir, irtidad edenlerin \u00fczerine g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi ba\u015fkumandan H\u00e2lid b. Vel\u00eed\u2019e, d\u00fc\u015fmana onlar\u0131n kulland\u0131klar\u0131 sil\u00e2hlarla mukabele etmesini emretmi\u015ftir. Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019in teklifi \u00fczerine m\u00fcellefe-i kul\u00fbba zek\u00e2t gelirlerinden pay vermeme\u015f, ganimetin be\u015fte birinin taksiminde Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn yak\u0131nlar\u0131na eskiden oldu\u011fu gibi hisse \u00f6dememi\u015ftir. Halife olduktan sonra eski mesle\u011fi olan ticaretle u\u011fra\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 uygun g\u00f6rmeyen Hz. \u00d6mer ile Eb\u00fb Ubeyde b. Cerr\u00e2h kendisine maa\u015f ba\u011flanmas\u0131na \u00f6n ayak olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir devlet i\u015flerinde Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019den intikal eden m\u00fchr\u00fc, \u015fahs\u00ee i\u015flerinde ise \u201cNi\u02bbme\u2019l-k\u00e2diru Allah\u201d veya \u201cAbd\u00fcn zel\u00eel li-Rabbin cel\u00eel\u201d[15]<\/a> ibaresini ta\u015f\u0131yan m\u00fchr\u00fcn\u00fc kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[16]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0130darede adalet ve hakkaniyete \u00e7ok riayet ederdi. Sava\u015fta \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen bir patri\u011fin (Bizans emirinin) ba\u015f\u0131 Me\u00addine\u2019ye g\u00f6nderildi\u011finde bunu ho\u015f kar\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n da ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenince; \u201cFarslar\u2019la Bizansl\u0131lar\u2019\u0131 m\u0131 \u00f6rnek alaca\u011f\u0131m?\u201d diye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[17]<\/a> Z\u00fchr\u00ee\u2019den nakledilen rivayete g\u00f6re Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e Bizans emirlerinden Yann\u00e2k ile di\u011fer baz\u0131 kimselerin ba\u015flar\u0131 getirilmi\u015fti. Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a) \u015e\u00e2m v\u00e2lisine bir mektup yazarak; \u201cBana kesik ba\u015f g\u00f6ndermeyin! Mektup ve haber g\u00f6ndermeniz yeterlidir\u201d dedi.[18]<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

Halife Eb\u00fb Bekir, halk\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131yla yak\u0131ndan ilgilenirdi. Hz. \u00d6mer \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r: \u201cHz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in hilafeti zaman\u0131nda Medine\u2019nin kenar mahallesinde \u00e2m\u00e2 ve ihtiyar bir kad\u0131n vard\u0131. Her g\u00fcn ona u\u011frayarak ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek isterdim. Fakat her gitti\u011fimde benden \u00f6nce birinin gelerek l\u00fczumlu i\u015fleri yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcn insan\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Birg\u00fcn merak ettim, \u00abAcaba herg\u00fcn bu sevab\u0131 i\u015fleyen zat kimdir?\u00bb diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm ve erkenden giderek bir yere sakland\u0131m. Bir de ne g\u00f6reyim herg\u00fcn gelip kad\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flerini g\u00f6ren o salih zat Halife Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019den ba\u015fkas\u0131 de\u011filmi\u015f. Kar\u015f\u0131mda onu g\u00f6r\u00fcverince b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k i\u00e7inde; \u00abHayat\u0131ma yemin olsun ki o sensin?\u00bb dedim.\u201d[19]<\/a><\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir son derece isabetli bir tercihte bulunarak yerine dirayetli bir halife b\u0131rakt\u0131. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiddetlenince Abdurrahman b. Avf\u2019\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 ve; \u201c\u00d6mer b. Hattab hakk\u0131nda ne dersin?\u201d diye sordu. O; \u201cBana \u00f6yle bir \u015fey soruyorsun ki, kendin onu benden daha iyi biliyorsun\u201d diye cevap verdi. Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a); \u201c\u00d6yle de olsa sen yine cevap ver\u201d dedi. Abdurrahman; \u201cAllah\u2019a yemin ederim ki o, senin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden daha faziletlidir\u201d dedi. Sonra Eb\u00fb Bekir, Osman b. Aff\u00e2n\u2019\u0131 huzuruna \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 ve; \u201c\u00d6mer hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsun?\u201d dedi. Hz. Osman; \u201cSen \u00d6mer\u2019i hepimizden daha iyi tan\u0131yorsun!\u201d diye cevap verdi. Eb\u00fb Bekir; \u201cEy Eb\u00fb Abdullah! Buna ra\u011fmen fikrini s\u00f6yle!\u201d dedi. Osman (r.a): \u201cVallahi onun hakk\u0131nda bildi\u011fim, i\u00e7inin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan daha hay\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fudur. \u0130\u00e7imizde onun gibisi yoktur\u201d dedi. Eb\u00fb Bekir, ashaptan di\u011fer insanlarla da isti\u015fare etti ve Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019i kendisinden sonra hilafete aday g\u00f6sterdi, onun halife olmas\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye etti.[20]<\/a><\/p>\n

Hz. Ali, Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in idaresindeki dirayet ve kemale \u015fahitlik etmi\u015ftir. O bir g\u00fcn minberin \u00fcst\u00fcnde aya\u011fa kalkm\u0131\u015f, Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019nden bahsetmi\u015f ve \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: \u201cRas\u00fblullah (s.a.v) vefat edince Eb\u00fb Bekir halife oldu. Nebiyy-i Ekrem\u2019in ameli ile amel etti ve onun sireti \u00fczere y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. Bu hal \u00fczereyken Allah -azze ve celle- onun ruhunu kabzetti. Sonra \u00d6mer halife oldu. O da Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) ve Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in amelleriyle amel etti ve onlar\u0131n sireti \u00fczere y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. Ta ki Allah -azze ve celle- ruhunu bu hal \u00fczere kabzedinceye kadar!\u201d[21]<\/a><\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in idaredeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck dirayeti Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn yolunu titiz bir \u015fekilde takip etmesi, daha sonra da azim ve kararl\u0131l\u0131kla korkusuz bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p s\u00fcratle hareket etmesidir. O, do\u011frulu\u011funa inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u015feyi hemen ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7mi\u015f, problemlerin \u00fczerine cesaretle gitmi\u015f ve hi\u00e7bir \u015fey onu bundan vazge\u00e7irememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n


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[1]<\/a> \u00d6mer\u00ee, Asru\u2019l-hil\u00e2feti\u2019r-r\u00e2\u015fide,<\/i> s. 73.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[2]<\/a> V\u00e2k\u0131d\u00ee, III, 1122.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[3]<\/a> Halife b. Hayy\u00e2t b. Halife e\u015f-\u015eeyb\u00e2n\u00ee el-Basr\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Amr (v. 240\/854-55), T\u00e2r\u00eeh,<\/i> thk. Ekrem Ziy\u00e2 \u00d6mer\u00ee, Beyrut – D\u0131me\u015fk: D\u00e2ru\u2019l-Kalem – Ris\u00e2le, 1397, s. 100-101.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[4]<\/a> \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Es\u00eer, el-K\u00e2mil,<\/i> II, 196.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[5]<\/a> Hal\u00eefe b. Hayy\u00e2t, T\u00e2r\u00eeh<\/i>, s. 101.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[6]<\/a> \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Es\u00eer, el-K\u00e2mil,<\/i> II, 196.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[7]<\/a> Beyhak\u00ee, Ahmed b. Huseyn b. Ali b. Musa Husrevcird\u00ee Horas\u00e2n\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Bekir (v. 458\/1066), el-\u0130\u02bbtik\u00e2d ve\u2019l-hid\u00e2ye il\u00e2 sebili\u2019r-re\u015f\u00e2d al\u00e2 mezhebi\u2019s-selef ve ash\u00e2bi\u2019l-had\u00ees,<\/i> thk. Ahmed Is\u00e2m el-K\u00e2tib, Beyrut: D\u00e2ru\u2019l-\u00c2f\u00e2ki\u2019l-Ced\u00eede, 1401, s. 345; \u0130bn As\u00e2kir, II, 60; \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, el-Bid\u00e2ye,<\/i> IX, 424.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[8]<\/a> Dihlev\u00ee, \u0130z\u00e2let\u00fc\u2019l-haf\u00e2,<\/i> I, 121.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[9]<\/a> H\u00e2kim, III, 278\/5085 (Zeheb\u00ee bu rivayet hakk\u0131nda s\u00fck\u00fbt etmi\u015ftir); Eb\u00fb Nuaym, Ma\u02bbrifet\u00fc\u2019s-sah\u00e2be,<\/i> II, 940; \u0130bn Abdilberr, el-\u0130st\u00ee\u00e2b,<\/i> II, 422; \u0130bn As\u00e2kir, XXIX, 56.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[10]<\/a> \u0130bn Eb\u00ee \u015eeybe, Musannef<\/i>, I, 448; S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, ed-D\u00fcrr\u00fc\u2019l-mens\u00fbr,<\/i> VIII, 168. Kr\u015f. Abd\u00fcrrazzak, Musannef<\/i>, III, 187.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[11]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Kef\u00e2le 3, Hibe 18, \u015eeh\u00e2d\u00e2t 28, Humus 15, Cizye 4, Meg\u00e2z\u00ee 73; M\u00fcslim, Fez\u00e2il 60-61.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[12]<\/a> \u00d6mer\u00ee, Asru\u2019l-hil\u00e2feti\u2019r-r\u00e2\u015fide,<\/i> s. 74.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[13]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a> Bkz. Taber\u00ee, Muhammed b. Cer\u00eer b. Yez\u00eed b. Kes\u00eer b. G\u00e2lib el-\u00c2mul\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Cafer (v. 310\/923), T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019r-rus\u00fcl ve\u2019l-m\u00fcl\u00fbk <\/i>(I-XI), <\/i>Beyrut: D\u00e2ru\u2019t-T\u00fcr\u00e2s, 1387, III, 426; \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Es\u00eer, el-K\u00e2mil, <\/i>II, 263.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[14]<\/a> Fayda, \u201cEb\u00fb Bekir\u201d mad., D\u0130A,<\/i> X,\u00a0106.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[15]<\/a> N\u00fcveyr\u00ee, XIX, 144; Kett\u00e2n\u00ee, I, 171.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[16]<\/a> Fayda, \u201cEb\u00fb Bekir\u201d mad., D\u0130A,<\/i> X,\u00a0106.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[17]<\/a> Beyhak\u00ee, es-S\u00fcnen\u00fc\u2019l-k\u00fcbr\u00e2, <\/i>IX, 132; S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-hulef\u00e2,<\/i> s. 195.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[18]<\/a> Sa\u00eed b. Mans\u00fbr b. \u015eu\u2019be el-Hor\u00e2s\u00e2n\u00ee el-C\u00fbzc\u00e2n\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Osman (v. 227\/842), S\u00fcnen\u00fc Sa\u00eed b. Mans\u00fbr<\/i> (I-II), thk. Habiburrahman el-A\u02bbzam\u00ee, Hind: D\u00e2ru\u2019s-Selefiyye, 1403\/1982, II, 288-289.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[19]<\/a> \u0130bn As\u00e2kir, XXX, 322; S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-hulef\u00e2, <\/i>s. 167; <\/i>Ramazano\u011flu Mahm\u00fbd S\u00e2m\u00ee, Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir S\u0131dd\u00eek,<\/i> \u0130stanbul: Erkam Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1985, s. 120<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[20]<\/a> \u0130bn Sa\u02bbd, III, 199-200.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[21]<\/a> Ahmed, I, 128. \u015euayb Arna\u00fbt isnad\u0131n\u0131n \u201chasen\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir hilafeti \u00fcstlenince idarecilikteki \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterdi. M\u00fcrtedlerin zuhuru sebebiyle tehlikeli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalan devleti eski birli\u011fine ve emniyetine kavu\u015fturdu. B\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc cihada, Irak ve \u015eam\u2019\u0131n fethine… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[691],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hzebubekirinkuranahizmetlerivetefsirdekiyeri"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3G27m-3Rj","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14837","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14837"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14837\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14838,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14837\/revisions\/14838"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14837"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14837"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}