{"id":14839,"date":"2016-12-01T13:54:09","date_gmt":"2016-12-01T11:54:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=14839"},"modified":"2016-12-01T13:54:09","modified_gmt":"2016-12-01T11:54:09","slug":"3-halife-secilmesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=14839","title":{"rendered":"3. Halife Se\u00e7ilmesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn vefat\u0131ndan sonra ensar, Sak\u00eefet\u00fc Ben\u00ee S\u00e2ide\u2019de[1]<\/a> toplanarak halife se\u00e7imi konusunu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bunu haber alan Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019le \u00d6mer birlikte oraya gittiler. Eb\u00fb Bekir, ensar ve muhacirlerden birer emir se\u00e7ilmesini isteyen sahabilere bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u0130sl\u00e2m birli\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in tek lider etraf\u0131nda toplanmak gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.[2]<\/a> Eb\u00fb Bekir bu konu\u015fmas\u0131nda ensar\u0131n faziletlerini sayd\u0131, haklar\u0131nda inen \u00e2yetleri ve v\u00e2rid olan hadisleri s\u00f6yledi, sonra da idarecinin Kurey\u015f kabilesinden olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiren hadisi hat\u0131rlatt\u0131. Sa\u02bbd (b. Ub\u00e2de): \u201cDo\u011fru s\u00f6yledin, biz vezir, siz emirsiniz\u201d dedi. B\u00f6ylece ensar ikna oldu.[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

Ensar, hilafet meselesine Medine toplumu ve muhacirlerle ensar\u0131n tarihi m\u00fcnasebetleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde mahdut bir zaviyeden bakm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Muhacirler ise meseleye, b\u00fct\u00fcn alanlar\u0131yla devam etmesi gereken bir devlet idaresi olarak geni\u015f bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla bak\u0131yorlard\u0131. \u0130dareci Kurey\u015f\u2019ten olursa bunun \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck neticeleri olurdu. Zira Araplar, ancak, eskiden beri sayg\u0131 duyduklar\u0131 Kurey\u015f\u2019in idaresine raz\u0131 olabilirlerdi. Ama idareyi ensar \u00fcstlenirse, \u0130sl\u00e2m devletinin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an \u00e7ok tehlikeli b\u00f6l\u00fcnmelerin meydana gelmesi kuvvetle muhtemeldi.[4]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir, hilafete aday olarak Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019le Eb\u00fb Ubeyde b. Cerr\u00e2h\u2019\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi. \u00d6nce Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019e; \u201cUzat elini sana bey\u02bbat edelim!\u201d dedi. \u00d6mer; \u201cSen benden daha faziletlisin\u201d diye itiraz etti. Eb\u00fb Bekir de; \u201cSen de benden daha kuvvetlisin\u201d dedi. Bunun \u00fczerine \u00d6mer (r.a); \u201cBenim kuvvetim senin faziletinle beraber senin hizmetindedir\u201d diyerek ona bey\u02bbat etti.[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir, \u00d6mer kabul etmeyince Eb\u00fb Ubeyde b. Cerr\u00e2h\u2019a d\u00f6nerek; \u201cGel sana bey\u02bbat edece\u011fim. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ben Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131 sana hitaben; \u00abSen bu \u00fcmmetin eminisin\u00bb<\/i> buyururken i\u015fittim\u201d dedi. Eb\u00fb Ubeyde; \u201cBen, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n son g\u00fcnlerinde vefat edinceye kadar bize imaml\u0131k yapmas\u0131n\u0131 emretti\u011fi bir zat\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde namaz k\u0131lamam!\u201d dedi.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

Di\u011fer rivayetten gelen bilgiye g\u00f6re Hz. \u00d6mer, Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e; \u201cUzat elini sana bey\u02bbat edelim!\u201d dedi\u011finde o; \u201cBana ni\u00e7in bey\u02bbat edeceksiniz ki? Vallahi sizin en takval\u0131n\u0131z ve en kuvvetliniz de\u011filim! En takval\u0131m\u0131z S\u00e2lim Mevl\u00e2 Eb\u00ee Huzeyfe\u2019dir (v. 12\/633), en kuvvetlimiz de \u00d6mer\u2019dir\u201d demi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in en \u00f6nemli faziletine dikkat \u00e7eken \u00d6mer; \u201cUzat elini, \u00abHani onlar ma\u011faradayd\u0131; o, arkada\u015f\u0131na: \u00ab\u00dcz\u00fclme, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Allah bizimle beraberdir\u00bb diyordu\u00bb<\/b>[7]<\/a>\u201d deyince oradakiler hep birlikte Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e bey\u02bbat etmi\u015flerdir.[8]<\/a> Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019in, herhangi bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kmadan bir an \u00f6nce meseleyi halletmek i\u00e7in acele etti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/b><\/p>\n

Sak\u00eefe\u2019de yap\u0131lan bey\u02bbattan bir g\u00fcn sonra umumi bir bey\u02bbat daha olmu\u015f ve orada S\u0131dd\u00eek (r.a) insanlara \u015f\u00f6yle hitap etmi\u015ftir: \u201cEy insanlar! En iyiniz olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m halde sizin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131za halife se\u00e7ilmi\u015f bulunuyorum. \u015eayet vazifemi hakk\u0131yla yaparsam bana yard\u0131m ediniz. Yanl\u0131\u015f hareket edersem bana do\u011fru yolu g\u00f6steriniz. Do\u011fruluk, emin bir \u015fahsiyet olman\u0131n g\u00f6stergesidir. Yalan ise h\u0131yanettir. Zay\u0131f olan\u0131n\u0131z hakk\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131ncaya kadar benim yan\u0131mda en kuvvetlinizdir. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olan\u0131n\u0131z da kendisinden hak sahibinin hakk\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131ncaya kadar benim nazar\u0131mda en zay\u0131f\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r. Bir millet Allah yolunda cihad\u0131 terk ederse zillete d\u00fc\u015fer. \u0130nsanlar aras\u0131nda k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck yay\u0131l\u0131rsa Allah o millete umumi bir bela verir. Allah\u2019a ve Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019ne itaat etti\u011fim m\u00fcddet\u00e7e bana itaat ediniz. \u015eayet Allah\u2019a ve Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019ne isyan edersem bana itaat etmeniz s\u00f6z konusu olamaz. Haydi, namaza kalk\u0131n\u0131z, Allah\u2019\u0131n rahmeti \u00fczerinize olsun!\u201d[9]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Bu hutbe, idareci ile halk\u0131n aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fcnasebetin nas\u0131l olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Halife o makama \u00fcmmetin iradesiyle ve a\u00e7\u0131k bir akitle\u015fmeyle gelmi\u015ftir. Bu akde g\u00f6re h\u00fck\u00fcmdar \u015feriata sar\u0131lacak, buna mukabil halk da ona itaat edecektir. \u00dcmmet, idareciyi kontrol edecek, hay\u0131rda ona yard\u0131mc\u0131 olup e\u011frildi\u011finde siyasetini d\u00fczeltecek, h\u00fck\u00fcmdar da adaleti tesis edecek, cihada devam edecek ve toplumu ahl\u00e2ki bozukluklardan temizleyecektir. Hutbenin ba\u015f\u0131nda da Hz. S\u0131dd\u00eek\u2019in samimi tevazuu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.[10]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0130mam M\u00e2lik, \u201cHi\u00e7 kimse bu \u015fart\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131madan asla imam olamaz!\u201d[11]<\/a> diyerek idarecinin, Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in bu hutbesinde ortaya koydu\u011fu \u015fartlar \u00fczere olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir daha sonra, kendisine yap\u0131lan bu bey\u02bbati, evvela fitne, ard\u0131ndan da ridde korkusuyla kabul etti\u011fini ifade etmi\u015ftir.[12]<\/a> Halife se\u00e7ildikten sonra yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir konu\u015fmas\u0131nda bunu \u015f\u00f6yle dile getirmi\u015ftir: \u201cVallahi ben hi\u00e7bir g\u00fcn ve hi\u00e7bir gece kesinlikle idarecili\u011fe h\u0131rslanmad\u0131m. Ona ra\u011fbet de etmedim. Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019dan ne gizli ne de a\u00e7\u0131k b\u00f6yle bir \u015fey istemedim. L\u00e2kin insanlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131bo\u015f kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 o ortamda bir fitne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan korktum. \u0130darecilikte benim i\u00e7in rahat yok ki! Boynuma \u00f6yle b\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u015f y\u00fcklendi ki Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131 olmadan benim onu yapacak ne g\u00fcc\u00fcm var ne de imk\u00e2n\u0131m! \u015eu anda benim yerimde idarecilik hususunda insanlar\u0131n en kuvvetlisinin bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 ne kadar isterdim.\u201d<\/p>\n

Halife se\u00e7imine g\u00f6n\u00fcl koyan bir k\u0131s\u0131m muhacirler Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in bu s\u00f6zlerini ve \u00f6zr\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6n\u00fclden kabullendiler. Hz. Ali ile Z\u00fcbeyr ise \u015f\u00f6yle dediler: \u201cBiz ancak isti\u015fare toplant\u0131s\u0131nda bulunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za k\u0131zd\u0131k. Biz de biliyoruz ki Eb\u00fb Bekir, Ras\u00fblullah\u2019tan sonra bu i\u015fe insanlar\u0131n en fazla hak sahibi olan\u0131d\u0131r. Zira o Nebiyy-i Ekrem\u2019in hicreti esnas\u0131nda gizlendi\u011fi ma\u011faradaki yeg\u00e2ne arkada\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak Kur\u2019\u00e2n-\u0131 Kerim\u2019de kendisinden \u00abikinin ikincisi\u00bb diye bahsetmi\u015ftir. Biz onun \u015ferefini, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc biliyoruz. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) hayattayken ona imam olup insanlara namaz k\u0131ld\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 emretmi\u015ftir.\u201d[13]<\/a><\/p>\n

Halife se\u00e7ilirken Hz. Ali, Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn techiz ve tekfiniyle me\u015fgul idi. O kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131kta bir fitne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan korkan Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir ve \u00d6mer de insanlar\u0131 sakinle\u015ftirmek ve b\u00fcy\u00fck fitnelerden korumak i\u00e7in halife se\u00e7imiyle me\u015fgul oldular ve bu konuda acele ettiler.[14]<\/a> Ali (r.a) bu isti\u015fare heyetinde bulunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in biraz al\u0131nd\u0131, ancak k\u0131rg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzun s\u00fcrmedi, bir m\u00fcddet sonra gelip herkesin huzurunda Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e bey\u02bbat etti. Hatta sahih rivayetlere g\u00f6re Hz. Ali ile Z\u00fcbeyr, halife se\u00e7iminden bir g\u00fcn sonraki umumi bey\u02bbatta bey\u02bbat etmi\u015flerdir.[15]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0130bn Kes\u00eer, konuyla ilgili rivayetleri verdikten sonra Hz. Ali\u2019nin ya ilk g\u00fcn veya ikinci g\u00fcn bey\u02bbat etti\u011fini ve bunun bir hakikat oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler. Hz. Ali\u2019nin, hi\u00e7bir vakit Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019den ayr\u0131lmay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve onun ard\u0131nda namaz k\u0131lmay\u0131 hi\u00e7 terketmeyi\u015fini buna delil olarak g\u00f6sterir. Ancak Hz. F\u00e2t\u0131ma\u2019n\u0131n miras davas\u0131 sebebiyle, onun hat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetmek i\u00e7in bir m\u00fcddet Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019le konu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, alt\u0131 ay sonra Hz. F\u00e2t\u0131ma vefat edince bey\u02bbat\u0131n\u0131 yenileyerek Halife\u2019nin yan\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, Hz. F\u00e2t\u0131ma\u2019n\u0131n da bir be\u015fer oldu\u011funu ve masum olmas\u0131 gerekmedi\u011fini hat\u0131rlatarak miras meselesinde Halife\u2019nin hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na vurgu yapar. \u201cZira halifenin bildi\u011fi bilgiler Hz. F\u00e2t\u0131ma\u2019ya ula\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d der. Hz. Ali\u2019nin, Halife ile birlikte Z\u00fc\u2019l-Kassa seferine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Halife orduya kendisi kumanda etmek istedi\u011finde Hz. Ali\u2019nin, ba\u015f\u0131na bir \u015fey gelmesinden endi\u015fe ederek onu bundan vaz ge\u00e7irip Medine\u2019ye gelmesini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydeder.[16]<\/a><\/p>\n

Bunun yan\u0131nda Hz. Ali hi\u00e7bir zaman kendisinin halife olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fiyle ilgili bir nastan s\u00f6z etmedi\u011fi gibi Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e bey\u02bbat ettikleri i\u00e7in sahabeye de g\u00fccenmemi\u015f, b\u00f6yle bir \u015feyi ima bile etmemi\u015ftir. Esasen Hz. Ali\u2019nin hilafetine dair bir nas bulunsayd\u0131 ba\u015fta kendisi olmak \u00fczere di\u011fer sahabiler de bu konuda kesinlikle sessiz kalmazlard\u0131. \u00d6te yandan \u015fiilerin, Hz. Ali\u2019nin nassa ra\u011fmen Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e bey\u02bbat etmesindeki tenakuzu ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in onun tak\u0131yye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n geli\u015fmesine engel olmamak i\u00e7in bey\u02bbat etmek zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemeleri de inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildir. S\u00fcnniler, Hz. Osman halife oldu\u011funda \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n bir yandan Buh\u00e2r\u00e2\u2019ya, \u00f6te yandan Kuzey Afrika\u2019ya kadar ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Hz. Ali\u2019nin b\u00f6yle bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye sahip oldu\u011fu takdirde bilhassa Hz. Osman\u2019a bey\u02bbat etmemesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdir. Hz. Ali\u2019nin Hz. \u00d6mer ve Osman\u2019a bey\u02bbat etmesi ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na Eb\u00fb Bekir, \u00d6mer ve Osman isimlerini vermesi[17]<\/a> de hilafet konusunda hakk\u0131n\u0131n yenildi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na delil g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.[18]<\/a> Bu konudaki bir delil de \u015fudur: Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir vefat etti\u011finde Medine\u2019nin her taraf\u0131ndan a\u011flama sesleri y\u00fckselmi\u015f, insanlar Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn vefat etti\u011fi g\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu gibi deh\u015fete d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fler, o esnada Hz. Ali a\u011flayarak acele bir \u015fekilde gelmi\u015f, bir taraftan da istirc\u00e2da bulunarak kap\u0131da durmu\u015f ve: \u201cAllah sana rahmet eylesin ey Eb\u00fb Bekir! Vallahi insanlar\u0131n ilk \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019a gireni, iman\u0131 en sad\u0131k olan\u0131, yakini en kuvvetli olan\u0131 idin\u2026\u201d diye ba\u015flayan uzunca bir medhiyede bulunmu\u015ftur.[19]<\/a> Onun bu kadar s\u00f6z\u00fc samimiyetsizce s\u00f6yledi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n vefat\u0131ndan bir ay sonraki bir hutbesinde Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a) \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: \u201cHo\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m halde hilafet vazifesine getirildim. Vallahi, benim yerime bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n bu vazifeyi deruhte etmesini ne kadar isterdim! Dikkat edin! Size, Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) gibi davranmam\u0131 beklerseniz, benim buna g\u00fcc\u00fcm yetmez. Zira o, Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hakk\u2019\u0131n kendisine vahiy ikram etti\u011fi ve vahiyle yanl\u0131\u015flardan masum k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir zat idi. Ben ise normal bir insan\u0131m, herhangi birinizden daha hay\u0131rl\u0131 da de\u011filim. Beni murakabe edin, istikamet \u00fczere olursam bana t\u00e2bi olun, aya\u011f\u0131m kayarsa beni d\u00fczeltin!\u201d[20]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

\u00d6mer\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in halife se\u00e7ilmesi, sahabe aras\u0131nda imani de\u011ferlerin y\u00fckseldi\u011fini ve \u015fahsi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerin ona boyun e\u011fdi\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Zira Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a) Teym kabilesinden idi ve bu kabile Kurey\u015f\u2019in en zay\u0131f a\u015firetlerinden biriydi.[21]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a> Buna ra\u011fmen sahabiler, onun kabilesine de\u011fil, \u015fahsi meziyetlerine bakarak kendisini halife se\u00e7mi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir hilafeti esnas\u0131nda minbere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Ras\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n oturdu\u011fu basama\u011fa oturmam\u0131\u015f, daha sonra gelen Hz. \u00d6mer de onun yerine oturmam\u0131\u015f, ondan sonra Hz. Osman da Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019in yerine oturmam\u0131\u015f ve Allah\u2019a kavu\u015funcaya kadar bu \u00e2detlerini devam ettirmi\u015flerdir.[22]<\/a> Bu durum ilk \u0130sl\u00e2m halifelerinin birbirlerine olan sayg\u0131 ve h\u00fcrmetini g\u00f6stermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan m\u00e2nidard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a) iki bu\u00e7uk sene halifelik yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[23]<\/a><\/p>\n


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[1]<\/a> S\u00e2ide o\u011fullar\u0131 kabilesinin \u00e7arda\u011f\u0131. Buras\u0131 Mescid-i Nebev\u00ee\u2019nin kuzeybat\u0131 taraf\u0131nda olup halen hurma a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ye\u015fil bir aland\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[2]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Ash\u00e2bu\u2019n-Neb\u00ee, 5, Hud\u00fbd, 31, Ahk\u00e2m, 51; S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-hulef\u00e2,<\/i> s. 150-156; Fayda, \u201cEb\u00fb Bekir\u201d mad., D\u0130A,<\/i> X,\u00a0103.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[3]<\/a> Bkz. Beyhak\u00ee, es-S\u00fcnen\u00fc\u2019l-k\u00fcbr\u00e2,<\/i> VIII, 246\/16537. Kr\u015f. V\u00e2k\u0131d\u00ee, er-Ridde, <\/i>s. 41; Ahmed, I, 5 (\u015euayb Arna\u00fbt \u201csahih li-\u011fayrih\u00ee\u201d ve \u201cm\u00fcrsel\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir); Heysem\u00ee, V, 191 (\u201cm\u00fcrsel\u201d); \u0130bn Hacer, Fethu\u2019l-B\u00e2r\u00ee,<\/i> XIII, 116; S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-hulef\u00e2,<\/i> s. 175; Kastall\u00e2n\u00ee, \u0130r\u015f\u00e2d\u00fc\u2019s-s\u00e2r\u00ee, <\/i>X, 217.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[4]<\/a> \u00d6mer\u00ee, Asru\u2019l-hil\u00e2feti\u2019r-r\u00e2\u015fide,<\/i> s. 49.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[5]<\/a> \u0130bn Sa\u02bbd, III, 211.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[6]<\/a> Ahmed, I, 35; Mervez\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Bekir Ahmed b. Ali b. Sa\u00eed b. \u0130brahim el-Emev\u00ee (v. 292\/905), M\u00fcsned\u00fc Eb\u00ee Bekir es-S\u0131dd\u00eek,<\/i> thk. \u015euayb Arna\u00fbt, Beyrut: el-Mektebet\u00fc\u2019l-\u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee, ts., <\/i>s. 192 (\u015euayb Arna\u00fbt \u201cm\u00fcnkat\u0131\u02bb\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir); \u0130bn As\u00e2kir, IX, 334.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[7]<\/a> et-Tevbe 9\/40.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[8]<\/a> Ahmed, Fed\u00e2il\u00fc\u2019s-sah\u00e2be,<\/i> I, 162. Ekrem Ziya \u00d6mer\u00ee bu toplant\u0131yla ilgili \u015f\u00f6yle bir de\u011ferlendirmede bulunur: \u201cSak\u00eefe\u2019deki toplant\u0131 ve Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e halife olarak bey\u2019at edilmesi h\u00e2disesini anlatan sahih rivayetler g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irildi\u011finde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar ki bu toplant\u0131 uzun s\u00fcrmemi\u015ftir, orada muhacirler ile ensar aras\u0131nda uzun m\u00fcnaka\u015falar, hilafeti elde etmek i\u00e7in yar\u0131\u015f ve m\u00fccadele olmam\u0131\u015f, sert s\u00f6zler s\u00f6ylenmemi\u015f, tehditler savrulmam\u0131\u015f ve orada toplananlar\u0131n birbirlerine elleriyle m\u00fcdahale etti\u011fi bir arbede ya\u015fanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr \u015feyler, muas\u0131r m\u00fcelliflerin nakletti\u011fi baz\u0131 zay\u0131f rivayetlerin \u00e7izdi\u011fi bir tablodur. Onlar, bu tarih\u00ee ve ulvi toplant\u0131n\u0131n ar\u0131 duru ve pak y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7irkinle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. O toplant\u0131da hilafet makam\u0131n\u0131n ve \u0130sl\u00e2m devletinin gelece\u011fi, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc l\u00e2kaytl\u0131k ve nefsani heveslerin \u00fcst\u00fcne y\u00fckselen muazzam bir kararl\u0131l\u0131k ve ulvi duygularla, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir mesuliyet \u015fuuru i\u00e7inde tayin edilmi\u015ftir\u201d (Asru\u2019l-hil\u00e2feti\u2019r-r\u00e2\u015fide,<\/i> s. 51). Sahabenin se\u00e7imden sonraki tav\u0131rlar\u0131 da \u00d6mer\u00ee\u2019yi hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r. Sak\u00eefe h\u00e2disesiyle ilgili tafsilat i\u00e7in bkz. Mahmudov, El\u015fad, \u0130slam Tarihi Kaynaklar\u0131na G\u00f6re Halifelik ve Hz. Ebu Bekir\u2019in Halife Se\u00e7ilmesi,<\/i> (Bas\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi), Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, 1999.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[9]<\/a> Bkz. Abdurrezz\u00e2k b. Hemmam b. N\u00e2fi\u02bb el-Himyer\u00ee el-Yem\u00e2n\u00ee es-San\u02bb\u00e2n\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Bekir (v. 211\/826-27), Musannef <\/i>(I-XI), thk. Hab\u00eeburrahm\u00e2n el-A\u02bbzam\u00ee, Beyrut: el-Mektebet\u00fc\u2019l-\u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee, 1403, XI, 336; \u0130bn Sa\u02bbd, III, 182-183; S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-hulef\u00e2, <\/i>s. 152-153.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[10]<\/a> \u00d6mer\u00ee, Asru\u2019l-hil\u00e2feti\u2019r-r\u00e2\u015fide,<\/i> s. 53.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[11]<\/a> D\u00e2rekutn\u00ee, Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Hasen Ali b. \u00d6mer b. Ahmed b. Mehd\u00ee b. Mes\u02bb\u00fbd b. Nu\u2019m\u00e2n b. D\u00een\u00e2r el-Ba\u011fd\u00e2d\u00ee (v. 385\/995), el-M\u00fc\u2019telif ve\u2019l-muhtelif<\/i> (I-V), thk. Muvaffak b. Abdillah b. Abdilk\u00e2dir, Beyrut: D\u00e2ru\u2019l-\u011earbi\u2019l-\u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee, 1406, I, 410.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[12]<\/a> Ahmed, I, 8 (\u015euayb Arna\u00fbt isnad\u0131n\u0131n \u201cceyyid\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir). Kr\u015f. \u0130bn Hi\u015f\u00e2m, II, 625; S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-hulef\u00e2,<\/i> s. 155.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[13]<\/a> H\u00e2kim, III, 70\/4422; Beyhak\u00ee, es-S\u00fcnen\u00fc\u2019l-k\u00fcbr\u00e2,<\/i> VIII, 263; \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, el-Bid\u00e2ye,<\/i> VIII, 92; S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-hulef\u00e2, <\/i>s. 153. Zeheb\u00ee bu rivayetin Buh\u00e2r\u00ee ve M\u00fcslim\u2019in \u015fartlar\u0131 \u00fczere oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[14]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Hud\u00fbd, 31.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[15]<\/a> H\u00e2kim, III, 80\/4457; Beyhak\u00ee, es-S\u00fcnen\u00fc\u2019l-k\u00fcbr\u00e2,<\/i> VIII, 246; \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, el-Bid\u00e2ye,<\/i> VIII, 91-92, IX, 416-417. Zeheb\u00ee bu rivayet hakk\u0131nda s\u00fck\u00fbt etmi\u015f, \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, isnad\u0131n\u0131n \u201csahih\u201d oldu\u011funu ve bilindi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Tafsilat i\u00e7in bkz. Sall\u00e2b\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Bekir es-S\u0131dd\u00eek, <\/i>s. 149-151; Ar\u0131, Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir ve Ridde Sava\u015flar\u0131, <\/i>s. 32-33.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[16]<\/a> \u0130bn Kes\u00eer, el-Bid\u00e2ye,<\/i> VIII, 92.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[17]<\/a> Mollah\u00e2t\u0131r, Halil \u0130br\u00e2him, Mek\u00e2net\u00fc\u2019s-sah\u00e2be,<\/i> Med\u00eene-i M\u00fcnevvere 1431, s. 1204; Turgay, Nurettin, Hz. Ali ve Tefsirdeki Yeri,<\/i> Ankara: \u0130l\u00e2hiy\u00e2t, 2004, s. 33. Ondan sonra gelen Ehl-i Beyt de pek\u00e7ok defa evlatlar\u0131na bu \u00fc\u00e7 halifenin isimlerini vermi\u015flerdir. Bkz. Sall\u00e2b\u00ee, Ali Muhammed Muhammed, S\u00eerat\u00fc Em\u00eeri\u2019l-M\u00fc\u2019min\u00een el-Hasen b. Ali bin Eb\u00ee T\u00e2lib, <\/i>Beyrut: D\u00e2ru\u2019l-M\u00e2rife, 1430, s. 103. \u015eiilerin ideolojik s\u00f6zleri bir tarafa b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rsa hakikatte Ehl-i Beyt, Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019i hep sevmi\u015ftir. Nitekim Ca\u02bbfer-i S\u00e2d\u0131k\u2019\u0131n babas\u0131 Muhammed B\u00e2k\u0131r \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: \u201cHz. Eb\u00fb Bekir ve Hz. \u00d6mer\u2019in faziletini bilmeyen, S\u00fcnnet-i Seniyye\u2019yi de bilemez.\u201d Yine ona; \u201cHz. Eb\u00fb Bekir ve \u00d6mer hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsun?\u201d diye soruldu\u011funda; \u201cOnlar\u0131 dost bilirim ve kendileri i\u00e7in isti\u011ffar ederim. Ailemden, onlar\u0131 dost edinmeyen bir ki\u015fi bile g\u00f6rmedim!\u201d demi\u015ftir (Muhibb\u00fcddin et-Taber\u00ee, er-Riy\u00e2du\u2019n-nadra,<\/i> I, 67; Dihlev\u00ee, \u0130z\u00e2let\u00fc\u2019l-haf\u00e2,<\/i> II, 534). Zaten Ca\u02bbfer-i S\u00e2d\u0131k ve sonras\u0131nda gelen Ehl-i Beyt, Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019in torunu olmaktad\u0131rlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ca\u02bbfer-i S\u00e2d\u0131k\u2019\u0131n soyu, baba taraf\u0131ndan Hz. Ali\u2019ye, anne taraf\u0131ndan ise iki koldan Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r (\u0130bn Sa\u02bbd, V, 320; Halife b. Hayy\u00e2t b. Halife e\u015f-\u015eeyb\u00e2n\u00ee el-Basr\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Amr (v. 240\/854-55), Tabak\u00e2t<\/i>, thk. S\u00fcheyl Zekk\u00e2r, D\u00e2ru\u2019l-Fikr, 1414\/1993, s. 469; Safed\u00ee, Eb\u00fc\u2019s-Saf\u00e2 (Eb\u00fb Sa\u00eed) Sal\u00e2hudd\u00een Hal\u00eel b. \u0130zzidd\u00een Aybeg b. Abdill\u00e2h (v. 764\/1363), el-V\u00e2f\u00ee bi\u2019l-vefay\u00e2t,<\/i> thk. Ahmed el-Arna\u00fbt – T\u00fcrk\u00ee Mustafa, Beyrut: D\u00e2ru \u0130hy\u00e2i\u2019t-T\u00fcr\u00e2s, 1420\/2000, XI, 98; Zeheb\u00ee, A\u02bbl\u00e2mu\u2019n-n\u00fcbel\u00e2,<\/i> VI, 255; a.mlf., T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-\u0130sl\u00e2m <\/i>(I-LII),<\/i> thk. \u00d6mer Abd\u00fcsselam et-Tedm\u00fcr\u00ee, Beyrut: D\u00e2ru\u2019l-Kit\u00e2bi\u2019l-Arab\u00ee, 1413, <\/i>IX, 88).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[18]<\/a> Fayda, \u201cEb\u00fb Bekir\u201d mad., D\u0130A,<\/i> X,\u00a0106.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[19]<\/a> \u0130bn Abdirabbih, Eb\u00fb \u00d6mer \u015eih\u00e2b\u00fcdd\u00een Ahmed b. Muhammed b.\u00a0Abdirabbih\u00a0b. Hab\u00eeb el-Kurtub\u00ee el-Endel\u00fcs\u00ee (v. 328\/940), el-Ikd\u00fc\u2019l-fer\u00eed<\/i> (I-VIII), Beyrut: D\u00e2ru\u2019l-K\u00fct\u00fcbi\u2019l-\u0130lmiyye, 1404, V, 18-19.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[20]<\/a> Bkz. \u0130bn Sa\u02bbd, III, 212; Ahmed, I, 13; S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-hulef\u00e2,<\/i> s. 155.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[21]<\/a> \u00d6mer\u00ee, Asru\u2019l-hil\u00e2feti\u2019r-r\u00e2\u015fide,<\/i> 53.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[22]<\/a> Taber\u00e2n\u00ee, el-Mu\u02bbcem\u00fc\u2019l-evsat<\/i>, VIII, 49; Heysem\u00ee, IX, 54; S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-hulef\u00e2,<\/i> s. 156.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[23]<\/a> \u00d6mer\u00ee, Asru\u2019l-hil\u00e2feti\u2019r-r\u00e2\u015fide,<\/i> s. 74.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn vefat\u0131ndan sonra ensar, Sak\u00eefet\u00fc Ben\u00ee S\u00e2ide\u2019de[1] toplanarak halife se\u00e7imi konusunu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bunu haber alan Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019le \u00d6mer birlikte oraya gittiler. Eb\u00fb Bekir, ensar ve muhacirlerden birer… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[691],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14839","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hzebubekirinkuranahizmetlerivetefsirdekiyeri"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3G27m-3Rl","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14839","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14839"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14839\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14841,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14839\/revisions\/14841"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14839"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14839"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14839"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}