H\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-fud\u00fbl, tic\u00e2r\u00ee hayat\u0131n zar\u00fbretleri net\u00eecesinde do\u011fan bir m\u00fcessesedir.<\/p>\n
Fic\u00e2r harbinden d\u00f6n\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra har\u00e2m aylardan biri olan Zilk\u00e2de ay\u0131nda, Z\u00fcbeyd kab\u00eelesine mensup Yemenli bir adam, satmak \u00fczere Mekke\u2019ye tic\u00e2ret mal\u0131 getirmi\u015fti. Kurey\u015f ileri gelenlerinden \u00c2s bin V\u00e2il <\/b>bu mal\u0131 sat\u0131n ald\u0131, ancak paras\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6demedi. Adamca\u011f\u0131z, Abdudd\u00e2r, Mahz\u00fbm, Cum\u00e2h, Sehm ve Adiy bin K\u00e2\u2019b O\u011fullar\u0131 gibi Mekke\u2019nin ileri gelen \u00e2ilelerinin b\u00fcy\u00fcklerine ba\u015fvurup kendisine yard\u0131m etmelerini istedi. Fakat onlar bu mazl\u00fbma yard\u0131m edecek yerde, \u00c2s bin V\u00e2il\u2019i kay\u0131rarak adam\u0131 azarlad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
\u00c7aresizlik i\u00e7inde kalan adam, Kurey\u015f ileri gelenlerinin K\u00e2be etraf\u0131nda oturduklar\u0131 bir esn\u00e2da, Eb\u00fb Kubeys da\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karak; \u201cEy Fihr H\u00e2ned\u00e2n\u0131!\u201d diye ba\u011f\u0131ra ba\u011f\u0131ra \u015fiir okudu. U\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zulm\u00fc ve haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00eel\u00e2n ederek yard\u0131m istedi. Yard\u0131m i\u00e7in ilk harekete ge\u00e7en z\u00e2t, Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019in amcas\u0131 Z\u00fcbeyr<\/b> oldu. Kurey\u015f\u2019in ileri gelenleriyle birlikte, \u015fehrin en zengin, ya\u015fl\u0131 ve n\u00fcfuzlu kabile reisi olan Abdull\u00e2h bin C\u00fcd\u02bb\u00e2n<\/b>\u2019\u0131n evinde topland\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
Abdull\u00e2h onlara yemek ikr\u00e2m etti. Daha sonra yemin ettiler. Yeminle\u015fen kabileler \u015funlard\u0131r: Ben\u00ee H\u00e2\u015fim, Ben\u00ee Muttalib, Ben\u00ee Z\u00fchre, Ben\u00ee Teym ve Ben\u00ee Esed.<\/p>\n
Kaynaklarda antla\u015fman\u0131n muhtevas\u0131 genel hatlar\u0131yla \u015f\u00f6yle ifade edilmektedir:<\/p>\n
\u201cAllah\u2019a and olsun ki Mekke \u015fehrinde birine zul\u00fcm ve haks\u0131zl\u0131k yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman hepimiz, o kimse ister iyi ister k\u00f6t\u00fc ister bizden ister yabanc\u0131 olsun, kendisine hakk\u0131 verilinceye kadar tek bir el gibi hareket edece\u011fiz. Deniz s\u00fcngeri \u0131slatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Hira ile Seb\u00eer da\u011flar\u0131 yerlerinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece bu yemine ayk\u0131r\u0131 davranmayaca\u011f\u0131z ve birbirimize mal\u00ee yard\u0131mda bulunaca\u011f\u0131z\u201d (S\u00fcheyl\u00ee, II, 73)<\/p>\n
H\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-fud\u00fbl mensuplar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca ahitle\u015fmenin ard\u0131ndan Hacer-i Esved\u2019i y\u0131kad\u0131klar\u0131 suyu i\u00e7tiler.<\/p>\n
Efendimiz (s.a.v) o vakit 20 ya\u015flar\u0131nda idi.<\/p>\n
H\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-Fud\u00fbl Cemiyeti, ilk olarak \u00c2s bin V\u00e2il<\/b>\u2019den Z\u00fcbeydli adam\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 almakla icraata ba\u015flad\u0131. Daha sonra da Mekke\u2019de zulme ve haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011frayan pek \u00e7ok kimsenin imd\u00e2d\u0131na ko\u015ftu, ad\u00e2leti ik\u00e2me etmek i\u00e7in gayret sarf etti.[1]<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019dan \u00f6nce ve \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee d\u00f6nemde H\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-fud\u00fbl\u2019\u00fcn nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren baz\u0131 h\u00e2diseler nakledilmektedir:<\/p>\n S\u00fcm\u00e2le kabilesine mensup bir t\u00e2cir Mekke\u2019nin ileri gelenlerinden \u00dcbey bin Halef<\/b>\u2019e mal satm\u0131\u015f, fakat paras\u0131n\u0131 alamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7aresiz kalan t\u00e2cir H\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-fud\u00fbl\u2019e ba\u015fvurdu. Te\u015fkil\u00e2t mensuplar\u0131 ona \u00dcbeyy\u2019e gidip paras\u0131n\u0131 tekrar istemesini, vermedi\u011fi takdirde kendilerinin bizzat alacaklar\u0131n\u0131 bildirmesini s\u00f6ylediler. Bunun \u00fczerine \u00dcbey paray\u0131 hemen \u00f6dedi. (\u0130bn Hab\u00eeb, el-M\u00fcnemma\u0137,<\/i> s. 54)<\/p>\n Has\u2019am kabilesinden Yemenli bir t\u00e2cir k\u0131z\u0131 ile birlikte hac i\u00e7in Mekke\u2019ye gelmi\u015fti. \u015eehrin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ki\u015filerinden N\u00fcbeyh bin Hacc\u00e2c<\/b>\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 zorla elinden almas\u0131 \u00fczerine t\u00e2cir, H\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-fud\u00fbl\u2019e gitti. H\u0131lf mensuplar\u0131 hemen N\u00fcbeyh\u2019in evini ku\u015fatt\u0131lar ve k\u0131z\u0131 al\u0131p babas\u0131na teslim ettiler. (\u0130bn Hab\u00eeb, el-M\u00fcnemma\u0137,<\/i> s. 55)<\/p>\n Z\u00fcbeyd<\/b> kabilesinden bir t\u00e2cir mallar\u0131n\u0131 satmak i\u00e7in Mekke\u2019ye geldi. Eb\u00fb Cehil di\u011fer t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n ondan al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapmas\u0131na m\u00e2ni oldu ve mal\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir fiyat bi\u00e7ti. Kimsenin daha fazla fiyat vermemesi \u00fczerine s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015fen t\u00e2cirin durumunu \u00f6\u011frenen Ras\u00fblullah Efendimiz (s.a.v) \u00fc\u00e7 deve y\u00fck\u00fc mal\u0131 onun istedi\u011fi fiyattan sat\u0131n ald\u0131. Eb\u00fb Cehil yan\u0131na gelince de H\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-fud\u00fbl\u2019\u00fc hat\u0131rlatarak ayn\u0131 \u015feyi bir daha yapmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in kendisini \u00eek\u00e2z etti. (Bel\u00e2z\u00fcr\u00ee, I, 130)<\/p>\n Mu\u00e2viye\u2019nin hil\u00e2feti s\u0131ras\u0131nda, ye\u011feni Medine Valisi Vel\u00eed bin Utbe ile Hz. H\u00fcseyin<\/b> (r.a) aras\u0131nda bir mal hususunda anla\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Hz. H\u00fcseyin\u2019in, kendisine bask\u0131 yapmak isteyen Vel\u00eed\u2019e hakk\u0131n\u0131n verilmemesi durumunda H\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-fud\u00fbl\u2019e ba\u015fvuraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesi \u00fczerine Vel\u00eed haks\u0131z tutumundan vazge\u00e7ti. (\u0130bn Hi\u015f\u00e2m, I, 134-135)<\/p>\n Ras\u00fblull\u00e2h (s.a.v) Efendimiz\u2019in c\u00e2hiliye devrinde tasv\u00eep edip kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 tek cemiyet, \u201cH\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-Fud\u00fbl\u201dd\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu bir ad\u00e2let cemiyeti idi. Yard\u0131mla\u015fmak, z\u00e2limden mazlumun hakk\u0131n\u0131 almak, zul\u00fcm ve haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa m\u00e2n\u00ee olmak i\u00e7in kurulmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n Buna H\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-Mutayyeb\u00een<\/b> de denir. H\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-Mutayyeb\u00een eskiden beri devam eden bir anla\u015fmad\u0131r. Bunu yapan kabileler ayn\u0131 zaman da H\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-Fud\u00fbl\u2019\u00fc de yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in bu iki isim birbiri yerine kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Peygamber Efendimiz (s.a.v), bu cemiyet hakk\u0131nda n\u00fcb\u00fcvvetten sonra \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdular:<\/p>\n \u201cGen\u00e7ken <\/b>amcalar\u0131mla birlikte, H\u0131lf\u00fc\u2019l-Mutayyeb\u00een\u2019de haz\u0131r bulun\u00addum. K\u0131z\u0131l develer (y\u00e2ni en k\u0131ymetli d\u00fcny\u00e2 met\u00e2\u0131) verilse bile o ahdi bozmak istemem!\u201d<\/i>[2]<\/a><\/p>\n Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe<\/b> (r.anh\u00e2) \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r:<\/p>\n Bir g\u00fcn:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013Ey Al\u00adlah\u2019\u0131n Ras\u00fbl\u00fc! \u0130bn-i C\u00fcd\u2019\u00e2n<\/b> cahiliye d\u00f6neminde akrabal\u0131k ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetir, yoksullara yemek yedirirdi. (Fakat m\u00fc\u015frik olarak \u00f6ld\u00fc). Bu yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e2hirette ona bir fayda sa\u011flar m\u0131?\u201d diye sordum.<\/p>\n Efendimiz (s.a.v) \u015f\u00f6y\u00adle buyurdu:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013Hay\u0131r, bu amellerinin ona bir faydas\u0131 olmaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o bir g\u00fcn bile:<\/i><\/p>\n \u0631\u064e\u0628\u0651\u0650 \u0627\u063a\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u0652 \u0644\u0650\u064a \u062e\u064e\u0637\u0650\u064a\u0626\u064e\u062a\u0650\u064a \u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0650\u064a\u0646\u0650<\/i><\/p>\n