<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tebli\u011fde Nez\u00e2ket<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n All\u00e2h Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v) Efendimiz, tebl\u00ee\u011f ve t\u00e2l\u00eem i\u00e7in muh\u00e2tab\u0131n\u0131n zaman, mek\u00e2n ve h\u00e2let-i r\u00fbhiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en m\u00fcs\u00e2it \u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 kollard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sah\u00e2beden \u0130bn-i Mes\u2019\u00fbd<\/strong> (r.a), insanlara per\u015fembe g\u00fcnleri vaaz ederdi. Bir kimse ona:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2212Ey Eb\u00fb Abdurrahm\u00e2n! Ke\u015fke bize her g\u00fcn vaaz etsen!\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130bn-i Mes\u2019\u00fbd t ona \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2212Sizi usand\u0131rmamak i\u00e7in her g\u00fcn vaaz etmiyorum. Nitekim Ras\u00fblullah r de b\u0131k\u0131p usanmayal\u0131m diye, dinlemeye istekli oldu\u011fumuz g\u00fcnleri kollard\u0131.\u201d (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, \u0130lim, 11, 12)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n R\u00e2f\u00ee bin Amr<\/strong> t \u015fu h\u00e2diseyi nakleder:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ben \u00e7ocukken Ens\u00e2r\u2019\u0131n hurma a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015flard\u0131m. Bu sebeple beni tutup Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019e g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r bana:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Yavrucu\u011fum! Hurma a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ni\u00e7in ta\u015fl\u0131yorsun?\u201d<\/em> diye sordu. Ben:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Y\u00e2 Ras\u00fblallah! (A\u00e7t\u0131m) yemek i\u00e7in ta\u015flad\u0131m.\u201d dedim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Fahr-i K\u00e2in\u00e2t r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Bir daha ta\u015flama! Altlar\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fenlerden al, ye!\u201d<\/em> buyurdu ve ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131vazlad\u0131. Daha sonra da:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cAllah\u2019\u0131m! Onun karn\u0131n\u0131 doyur!\u201d<\/em> diye bana dua etti. (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Cih\u00e2d, 85\/2622; \u0130bn-i M\u00e2ce, Tic\u00e2r\u00e2t, 67)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblullah r Efendimiz, hay\u00e2s\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek \u015fahsiyeti sebebiyle kimsenin hat\u00e2s\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcne vurmazd\u0131. Bir ki\u015fiden kendisine, ho\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir s\u00f6z ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cFil\u00e2na ne oluyor ki \u015f\u00f6yle \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor\u201d<\/em> demez de, \u201cBaz\u0131 kimselere ne oluyor ki \u015f\u00f6yle \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar\u201d<\/em> diye nez\u00e2ket g\u00f6sterirdi. (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Edeb, 5\/4788)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Konu\u015fmada Nez\u00e2ket<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n (M\u00fcn\u00e2f\u0131klardan) biri Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019in huzuruna girmek i\u00e7in izin istedi. Ras\u00fblull\u00e2h r onu uzak\u00adtan g\u00f6r\u00fcnce, (insanlar\u0131 \u015ferrinden korumak i\u00e7in):<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012O, kab\u00eelenin ne k\u00f6t\u00fc karde\u015fidir veya a\u015f\u00eeretin ne k\u00f6t\u00fc o\u011flu\u00addur!\u201d buyurdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Adam i\u00e7eri girip oturunca ona g\u00fclery\u00fcz g\u00f6sterdi, tatl\u0131 dille konu\u015ftu ve iyi davrand\u0131. Adam gidince Hazret-i \u00c2i\u015fe c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012Y\u00e2 Ras\u00fblall\u00e2h! Adam\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn zaman onun hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle \u015f\u00f6y\u00adledir dedin, sonra da y\u00fcz\u00fcne g\u00fcl\u00fcp iyi davrand\u0131n?!\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblull\u00e2h r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012Ey \u00c2i\u015fe! Sen ne zaman beni k\u00f6t\u00fc s\u00f6ylerken ve k\u00f6t\u00fc davran\u0131rken g\u00f6rd\u00fcn?!<\/em><\/strong> K\u0131\u00adyamet g\u00fcn\u00fc All\u00e2h kat\u0131nda mevkii en k\u00f6t\u00fc insan, (d\u00fcnyadayken) \u015ferrinden korunmak i\u00e7in insanlar\u0131n kendisinden uzak durdu\u011fu kimsedir.\u201d<\/em> buyurdu. (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Edeb, 38)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Burada bahsedilen z\u00e2t\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc h\u00e2lleri daha sonra iyice artm\u0131\u015f ve Hazret-i Eb\u00fb Bekir zaman\u0131nda m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131rken esir al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte o zaman Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019in onun hakk\u0131ndaki s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn, ileriye y\u00f6nelik bir m\u00fbcize oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sah\u00e2beden \u00dcmm\u00fc\u2019d-Derd\u00e2 c \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cKocam Ebu\u2019d-Derd\u00e2<\/strong> t, bir s\u00f6z s\u00f6yledi\u011finde muhakkak tebess\u00fcm ederdi. Bir g\u00fcn ona:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00ab\u2013\u0130nsanlar\u0131n seni ay\u0131plamas\u0131ndan korkuyorum!\u00bb dedim. O ise:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00ab\u2013Ras\u00fblullah r bir s\u00f6z s\u00f6yledi\u011finde muhakkak tebess\u00fcm ederdi.\u00bb dedi.\u201d (Ahmed, V, 198, 199)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblullah r Efendimiz\u2019in \u00f6rnek \u015fahsiyeti; merhamet, nez\u00e2ket, zar\u00e2fet ve rikkat-i kalbiyenin zirvesini te\u015fkil etmi\u015ftir. Kaba bir kimsenin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Ey Muhammed, ey Muhammed!\u201d diye defalarca ba\u011f\u0131rmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen her defas\u0131nda yumu\u015fak bir \u00fcsl\u00fbpla:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Buyur, iste\u011fin nedir?\u201d diye muk\u00e2belede bulunarak muh\u00e2tab\u0131n\u0131n kabal\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00e2im\u00e2 nez\u00e2ketle davranm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Efendimiz, tahrif edilmemi\u015f Tevrat<\/strong>\u2019ta \u015f\u00f6yle vasfedilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2026Ne k\u00f6t\u00fc s\u00f6z s\u00f6yler ne de \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131larda y\u00fcksek sesle konu\u015fur. K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermez, bil\u00e2kis affeder ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u2026\u201d (D\u00e2rim\u00ee, Mukaddime, 2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Peygamber Efendimiz r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c…\u00d6z\u00fcr dilemeni gerektiren bir s\u00f6z\u00fc s\u00f6yleme!..\u201d<\/em> buyurmu\u015flard\u0131r. (\u0130bn-i M\u00e2ce, Z\u00fchd, 15)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dilimizi \u00c7irkin l\u00e2f\u0131zlardan Muhafaza Etmek<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Had\u00ees-i \u015fer\u00eeflerde buyrulur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cM\u00fcstehcen konu\u015fmak, m\u00fcn\u00e2f\u0131kl\u0131ktan bir b\u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr.\u201d<\/em> (Tirmiz\u00ee, Birr, 80)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cAllah kat\u0131nda en k\u00f6t\u00fc kimse, a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131n bozuklu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 insanlar\u0131n kendisiyle bulu\u015fmay\u0131 ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeyi terk etti\u011fi kimsedir.\u201d <\/em>(Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Edeb, 48)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cKim, insanlar\u0131n kalbini \u00e7elmek (kendine \u00e7ekmek) i\u00e7in kel\u00e2m\u0131n (\u015fatafatl\u0131) kullan\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenir, (insanlar\u0131 b\u0131kt\u0131r\u0131rcas\u0131na) s\u00f6z\u00fc gere\u011finden fazla uzat\u0131rsa, Allah k\u0131y\u00e2met g\u00fcn\u00fc ondan ne farz ne n\u00e2file hi\u00e7bir ib\u00e2detini kabul etmez!\u201d <\/em>(Eb\u00fb D\u00e2vud, Edeb, 86\/5006)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u00f6t\u00fc if\u00e2delerin dile yerle\u015fmesinden sak\u0131nmak l\u00e2z\u0131md\u0131r. \u015eu k\u0131ssa bunu ne g\u00fczel \u00eezah eder:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hazret-i \u00ces\u00e2<\/strong> u yolda bir domuza rastlar. Ona; \u201cSel\u00e2metle yoldan \u00e7ekil!\u201d der. Yan\u0131nda bulunanlar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Bunu \u015fu domuz i\u00e7in mi s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorsun?\u201d diye sorarlar. (O ise, domuz kelimesini tel\u00e2ffuz etmekten ve o hayvana hitapta bile kaba bir if\u00e2de kullanmaktan sak\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek \u00fczere):<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Ben, dilimi \u00e7irkin s\u00f6zler s\u00f6ylemeye al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktan korkuyorum!\u201d<\/em> cev\u00e2b\u0131n\u0131 verir. (Muvatta<\/em>, Kel\u00e2m, 4)<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u00e2netten Sak\u0131nmak<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblullah r \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015flard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cKul bir \u015feye l\u00e2net etti\u011fi zaman o l\u00e2net sem\u00e2ya y\u00fckselir. Fakat (la\u00adnet \u00e7ok korkun\u00e7 bir hadise oldu\u011fundan) g\u00f6k kap\u0131lar\u0131 (korkular\u0131ndan onu kabul etmek istemezler de) hemen onun \u00f6n\u00fcnde kapan\u0131verirler. Bunun \u00fczerine l\u00e2net yere iner; (fakat) onun \u00f6n\u00fcnde yer kap\u0131lar\u0131 da kapan\u0131r. Sonra (gidecek bir yer bulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan) sa\u011fa-sola meyletmeye ba\u015flar. (Sa\u011fa ya da sola gitmek i\u00e7in de) bir izin bulamay\u0131nca, (ger\u00e7ekten l\u00e2net edilmeye l\u00e2y\u0131k) ise l\u00e2net edilen kimseye d\u00f6ner. (L\u00e2y\u0131k) de\u011filse l\u00e2net edene d\u00f6ner.\u201d<\/em> <\/em>(Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Edeb, 45\/4905)<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u00e2net etmek, dua yoluyla bir \u015feyin Allah\u2019\u0131n rahmetinden kovulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemektir. Muayyen bir \u015fahsa bu m\u00e2n\u00e2da kesin bir \u015fekilde l\u00e2net etmek asla c\u00e2iz de\u00ad\u011fildir. Ancak, Eb\u00fb Cehil gibi k\u00fcf\u00fcr \u00fczere \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kesin olarak bilinen kimselere l\u00e2net etmekte bir sak\u0131nca yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Davran\u0131\u015flarda Nez\u00e2ket<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Enes bin M\u00e2lik<\/strong> t \u015f\u00f6yle buyurur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cNebiyy-i Ekrem r Efendimiz\u2019in kap\u0131lar\u0131 t\u0131rnakla \u00e7al\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131.\u201d (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, el-Edeb\u00fc\u2019l-m\u00fcfred,<\/em> no: 1080)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Enes bin M\u00e2lik<\/strong> t \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cHak\u00e2ret\u00e2miz, \u00e7irkin ve l\u00e2net ifade eden s\u00f6zler Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019e giran gelirdi, bunlardan hep uzak dururdu. Biz\u00adden birine k\u0131z\u0131p onu azarlayacak oldu\u011funda s\u00e2dece:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012Ona ne oluyor, aln\u0131 toprak olas\u0131ca!\u201d<\/em> derdi. (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Edeb, 38, 44)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Efendimiz\u2019in bu s\u00f6z\u00fc bir du\u00e2 olup \u201cNamaz k\u0131l\u0131p secde etsin de aln\u0131 topraklans\u0131n!\u201d demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Abb\u00e2d bin \u015eurahb\u00eel<\/strong> t \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir zamanlar fakir d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcm. Bunun \u00fczerine Med\u00eene bah\u00e7elerinden birine girdim. Ba\u015fak ovup hem yedim hem de torbama ald\u0131m. Derken bah\u00e7e sahibi gelip beni yakalad\u0131, d\u00f6vd\u00fc, torbam\u0131 elimden ald\u0131 ve Ras\u00fblullah\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp \u015fik\u00e2yet etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r, bah\u00e7e sahibine:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2212C\u00e2hilken \u00f6\u011fretmedin, a\u00e7ken doyurmad\u0131n!\u201d<\/em> buyurdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sonra bah\u00e7e sahibine torbam\u0131 i\u00e2de etmesini s\u00f6yledi. Daha sonra Ras\u00fblallah r bana bir veya yar\u0131m sa\u2019 miktar\u0131nda yiyecek verdi. (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Cih\u00e2d, 85\/2620-2621; Nes\u00e2\u00ee, Kud\u00e2t, 21)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r kimsenin y\u00fcz\u00fcne dikkatle bakmazd\u0131. T\u00e2bi\u00eenin b\u00fcy\u00fcklerinden M\u00fcc\u00e2hid<\/strong> g bu hususta \u015f\u00f6yle der:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cKi\u015finin din karde\u015finin y\u00fcz\u00fcne keskin nazarlarla bakmas\u0131, d\u00f6n\u00fcp giderken bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla arkas\u0131ndan takip etmesi ve \u00abNereden geliyorsun?\u00bb, \u00abNereye gidiyorsun?\u00bb diye sormas\u0131 ho\u015f olamayan davran\u0131\u015flardand\u0131.\u201d (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, el-Edeb\u00fc\u2019l-m\u00fcfred,<\/em> no: 771, 1157)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r bir m\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n nez\u00e2ketini \u015f\u00f6yle tasvir buyururlar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cM\u00fc\u2019min bal ar\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>na benzer. Ar\u0131; d\u00e2im\u00e2 temiz olan \u015feyleri yer, temiz olan \u015feyler ortaya koyar, temiz yerlere konar ve n\u00e2zik davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kondu\u011fu yere zarar vermez, oray\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131p bozmaz. D\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ise k\u0131r\u0131lmaz, bozulmaz.\u201d<\/em>[3]<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u00fcn\u00e2ka\u015fay\u0131 Terketmek<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r \u015f\u00f6yle buyurur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2026Kim hakl\u0131 oldu\u011fu h\u00e2lde m\u00fcn\u00e2ka\u015fay\u0131 terk ederse ona cennetin ortas\u0131nda bir ev bah\u015fedilir…\u201d<\/em> (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Edeb, 7\/4800; Tirmiz\u00ee, Birr, 58\/1993)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblullah r ash\u00e2b-\u0131 kir\u00e2m\u0131n aras\u0131nda otururken, bir adam geldi, Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir\u2019e hak\u00e2retler ederek onu \u00fczd\u00fc. Ancak Eb\u00fb Bekir t s\u00fck\u00fbt etti, adama cevap vermedi. Adam ikinci sefer ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde hakaret ederek eziyet verdi. Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir t yine s\u00fck\u00fbt etti. Adam \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc sefer de hakaret edince Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir t adama hak etti\u011fi cevab\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bunun \u00fczerine Ras\u00fblullah r kalk\u0131p y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir t hemen arkas\u0131ndan yeti\u015ferek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Ey Allah\u2019\u0131n Ras\u00fbl\u00fc, yoksa bana dar\u0131ld\u0131n\u0131z m\u0131?\u201d diye sordu. Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Hay\u0131r\u201d<\/em> buyurdu. Sonra da \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013L\u00e2kin sem\u00e2dan bir melek inmi\u015f, o adam\u0131n sana s\u00f6ylediklerini yalanl\u0131yor, senin ad\u0131na ona cevap veriyordu. Sen kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k verip intikam\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131nca melek gitti, onun yerine \u015feytan geldi. Bir yere \u015feytan gelince ben orada durmam!\u201d<\/em> (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Edeb, 41\/4896)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6fkeyi Yutmak<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r \u015f\u00f6yle buyururlar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cGere\u011fini yapmaya g\u00fcc\u00fc yetti\u011fi halde \u00f6fkesini yutan <\/em>kimsenin<\/em> kalbini, Allah, emniyet ve \u00eem\u00e2nla doldurur.\u201d<\/em> (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Edeb, 3\/4778)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cemiyet \u0130\u00e7inde Nez\u00e2ket<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee nez\u00e2ketin \u00eec\u00e2blar\u0131ndan biri de insanlara eziyet vermemek i\u00e7in \u00e2z\u00e2m\u00ee derecede hassas davranmakt\u0131r. Mu\u00e2z bin Enes<\/strong> t \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012Ben Ras\u00fblullah r ile birlikte bir gazveye \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Askerler (e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 rastgele yerlere koyarak) konak yerlerini daraltt\u0131lar ve yolu kestiler. Bunun \u00fczerine Neb\u00ee r bir m\u00fcn\u00e2d\u00ee g\u00f6nderip askerler aras\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle nid\u00e2 ettirdiler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00ab\u2013Kim bir yeri daralt\u0131r veya bir yolu keser (veya bir m\u00fc\u2019mine ez\u00e2 verirse) onun cih\u00e2d\u0131 yoktur, yani cih\u00e2d sevab\u0131 alamaz\u00bb.<\/em>\u201d (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Cih\u00e2d, 88\/2629; Ahmed, III, 441)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblullah r insanlar\u0131 nez\u00e2kete davet ettikleri di\u011fer bir had\u00ees-i \u015fer\u00eeflerinde \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015flard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cKim Cuma g\u00fcn\u00fc m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n boyunlar\u0131na basa basa ileri ge\u00e7erse cehenneme uzanan bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc edinmi\u015f olur.\u201d<\/em> (Ahmed, III, 437)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblullah r Efendimiz \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015flard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c1. Yol \u00fczerinde namaz k\u0131lmaktan ve oralara konaklamaktan sak\u0131n\u0131n! \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc oralar y\u0131lanlar\u0131n ve y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 hayvanlar\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi yerlerdir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. Yol \u00fcst\u00fcne abdest bozmaktan da sak\u0131n\u0131n! Zira bu t\u00fcr davran\u0131\u015flar ki\u015fiyi l\u00e2nete m\u00e2ruz b\u0131rakacak kabal\u0131klard\u0131r.\u201d<\/em> (Ahmed, III, 305; 381)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Di\u011fer bir hadis-i \u015ferif \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cL\u00e2nete m\u00e2ruz kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00fc\u00e7 \u015feyi yapmaktan sak\u0131n\u0131n:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n 1. P\u0131nar ba\u015flar\u0131na,<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. Yol ortas\u0131na ve<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n 3. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n g\u00f6lgelendi\u011fi yerlere abdest bozmay\u0131n!\u201d<\/em> (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Tah\u00e2ret, 14\/26; \u0130bn-i M\u00e2ce, Tah\u00e2ret, 21; Ahmed, I, 299)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblullah r Efendimiz, Hazret-i \u00d6mer<\/strong> t\u2019a, \u015fu tavsiyede bulunmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012Ey \u00d6mer! Sen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc-kuvvetli bir adams\u0131n. Hacer-i Esved\u2019e eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in insanlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak zay\u0131flara eziyet etme! Ne rahats\u0131z ol ne de rahats\u0131z et. Tenh\u00e2 bulursan Hacer-i Esved\u2019i istil\u00e2m et ve \u00f6p, aksi takdirde uzaktan \u00abel s\u00fcr\u00fcp \u00f6pme\u00bb i\u015f\u00e2reti yap, kelime-i tevh\u00eed okuyarak ve tekb\u00eer getirerek ge\u00e7!\u201d<\/em> (Heysem\u00ee, III, 241; Ahmed, I, 28)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hazret-i \u00d6mer t bir evde insanlarla birlikte bulunuyordu. \u0130\u00e7lerinde Cer\u00eer bin Abdull\u00e2h<\/strong> t da vard\u0131. O esn\u00e2da Hazret-i \u00d6mer bir koku duydu. Oradakilere:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012Bu kokunun sahibi hemen kalk\u0131p abdest als\u0131n!\u201d dedi. Cer\u00eer t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012Ey M\u00fc\u2019minlerin Em\u00eeri! Buradaki herkes abdest alsa daha iyi olmaz m\u0131?!\u201d dedi. Bu ince anlay\u0131\u015fa hayran kalan Hazret-i \u00d6mer t ona:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012All\u00e2h sana rahmet eylesin! Sen c\u00e2hiliyye devrinde ne g\u00fczel bir efendiydin, \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00f6neminde de ne g\u00fczel bir efendisin!\u201d buyurdu. (Ali el-M\u00fcttak\u00ee, Kenz, no: 8608. Kr\u015f. Heysem\u00ee, I, 244)<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130yili\u011fe Kar\u015f\u0131 Nez\u00e2ket<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblullah r Efendimiz \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cKendisine iyilik yap\u0131lan kimse, yapana: \u00abAll\u00e2h sana hay\u0131rlar versin!\u00bb diyerek du\u00e2 ederse, \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr borcunu pek y\u00fcksek bir \u015fekilde \u00eef\u00e2 etmi\u015f olur…\u201d<\/em> (Tirmiz\u00ee, Birr, 87\/2035)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hizmet\u00e7iye Nez\u00e2ket<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblullah r Efendimiz \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cBirinize hizmet\u00e7isi yeme\u011fini getirince, onu beraber yemek \u00fczere sofras\u0131na oturtmayacaksa, hi\u00e7 olmazsa bir iki lokma veya yiyecek bir iki \u015fey versin. Zira yeme\u011fin har\u00e2retini ve zahmetini o \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir.\u201d<\/em> (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Et\u2019ime, 55; Tirmiz\u00ee, Et\u2019ime, 44)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Enes bin M\u00e2lik<\/strong> t \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cRas\u00fblull\u00e2h r Efendimiz\u2019e yakla\u015f\u0131k on sene hizmet ettim. Vall\u00e2hi seferde ve hazarda hizmet etmek i\u00e7in yan\u0131nda bulunurdum da O\u2019nun bana olan hizmeti benim O\u2019na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m hizmetten daha fazla olurdu.<\/em><\/strong> Bu zaman zarf\u0131nda bana bir def\u00e2 olsun \u00ab\u00d6f!\u00bb demedi. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir \u015fey i\u00e7in \u00abNi\u00e7in bunu b\u00f6yle yapt\u0131n?\u00bb, yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir \u015fey i\u00e7in de \u00abNi\u00e7in b\u00f6yle yapmad\u0131n?\u00bb demedi\u2026\u201d[4]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Hayvanlara Nez\u00e2ket<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblull\u00e2h r hayvanlar\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131 ve temizli\u011fi hus\u00fbsunda tavsiyelerde bulunur, bilhassa koyun ve ke\u00e7ilerin \u00fczerindeki kir ve tozlar\u0131n temizlenmesini isterdi. (Heysem\u00ee, IV, 66-67)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sev\u00e2de bin Reb\u00ee<\/strong> t \u015fu muhte\u015fem incelik ve merhamet mis\u00e2lini nakleder:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cPeygamber Efendimiz\u2019in huz\u00fbr-i \u00e2l\u00eelerine \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p bir\u015feyler istedim. Bana birka\u00e7 tane (3 ile 10 aras\u0131nda) deve verilmesini s\u00f6yledi. Sonra \u015fu tavsiyede bulundu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00ab\u2013Evine d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn zaman h\u00e2ne halk\u0131na s\u00f6yle, hayvanlara iyi baks\u0131nlar, yemlerini g\u00fczelce versinler! Yine onlara t\u0131rnaklar\u0131n\u0131 kesmelerini emret ki hayvanlar\u0131 sa\u011farken memelerini incitip yaralamas\u0131nlar!\u00bb<\/em>\u201d (Ahmed, III, 484; Heysem\u00ee, V, 168, 259, VIII, 196)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Neb\u00e2t\u00e2t Kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Nez\u00e2ket<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblull\u00e2h r Med\u00eene-i M\u00fcnevvere\u2019yi ve \u00e7evresini harem b\u00f6lgesi (koru) olarak \u00eel\u00e2n etmi\u015f ve \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cAll\u00e2h Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn korusu i\u00e7inde bulunan a\u011fa\u00e7lara sopa ile vurulamaz ve onlar kesilemez. Fakat zaruret h\u00e2linde hayvanlar\u0131n yemesi i\u00e7in hafif ve yumu\u015fak bir \u015fekilde r\u0131fk ile sallanarak yapraklar\u0131 silkelenebilir.\u201d<\/em> (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Hac, 95-96\/2039)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblullah r hayvanlar\u0131na yedirmek i\u00e7in elindeki sopayla bir a\u011fac\u0131n dallar\u0131na vurarak yapraklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6kmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir bedev\u00eeyi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Yan\u0131ndakilere:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013O bedev\u00eeyi bana getirin, ancak yumu\u015fak davran\u0131n, onu korkutmay\u0131n!\u201d<\/em> buyurdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bedev\u00ee yan\u0131na geldi\u011finde:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Ey bedev\u00ee! Yumu\u015fak bir \u015fekilde ve tatl\u0131l\u0131kla sallayarak yapraklar\u0131 d\u00f6k, vurup k\u0131rarak de\u011fil!\u201d<\/em> buyurdu. (\u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Es\u00eer, \u00dcsd\u00fc\u2019l-G\u00e2be, Beyrut 1417, VI, 378)<\/p>\n\n\n\n {<\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cYerde bitmi\u015f olan hi\u00e7bir bitki yoktur ki, onu nez\u00e2ret\u00e7i bir melek kanatlar\u0131yla korumu\u015f olmas\u0131n. Bu durum bitkinin hasad edilmesine kadar devam eder. Kim bu bitkiye bas\u0131p ezerse, melek ona l\u00e2net eder.\u201d<\/em> (Ali el-M\u00fcttak\u00ee, Kenz<\/em>, III, 905\/9122)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gayr-i M\u00fcslimlere Kar\u015f\u0131 Fir\u00e2set ve Nez\u00e2ket<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir grup yah\u00fbd\u00ee, Neb\u00ee r\u2019in yan\u0131na gelmi\u015flerdi. (M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u201ces-Sel\u00e2mu aleyk\u00fcm\u201d \u015feklindeki sel\u00e2m\u0131na benzeterek):<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012es-S\u00e2mu aleyk\u00fcm (\u00d6l\u00fcm \u00fczerine olsun)\u201d dediler. Bu hileyi anlayan Hazret-i \u00c2i\u015fe<\/strong> c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012O sizin \u00fczerinize olsun, All\u00e2h sizlere l\u00e2net etsin, All\u00e2h sizle\u00adre gadab etsin!\u201d diye seslendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00fczel ahl\u00e2k\u0131 kem\u00e2le erdirmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f olan Ras\u00fblull\u00e2h r ona m\u00fcd\u00e2hale ederek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012Ey \u00c2i\u015fe, yava\u015f ol, incelik ve yumu\u015fakl\u0131kla muamele et! \u015eiddetten ve \u00e7irkinliklerden sak\u0131n!\u201d<\/em><\/strong> buyurdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hazret-i \u00c2i\u015fe v\u00e2lidemiz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012(Y\u00e2 Ras\u00fblall\u00e2h!) Onlar\u0131n ne dedi\u011fini i\u015fitmediniz mi?\u201d dedi. Ras\u00fblull\u00e2h r \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2012Sen de benim onlara ne dedi\u011fimi i\u015fitmedin mi? S\u00e2dece \u00abVe aleyk\u00fcm: As\u0131l sizin \u00fczerinize olsun!\u00bb diye s\u00f6zlerini onlara i\u00e2de ettim. Benim on\u00adlar hakk\u0131ndaki duam kabul olunur, fakat onlar\u0131n benim hakk\u0131mdaki dualar\u0131 kabul olunmaz!\u201d<\/em> (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Edeb, 38)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kabal\u0131\u011f\u0131n Menf\u00ee Tesiri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Sa\u00eed b. M\u00fcseyyeb<\/strong>\u2019in anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, dedesi Nebiyy-i Ekrem Efendimiz\u2019e gelmi\u015fti. All\u00e2h Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013\u0130sminiz nedir?\u201d<\/em> diye sordu. O da:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Hazn (Kabal\u0131k, \u015fiddet ve me\u015fakkat)\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdi. Ras\u00fblull\u00e2h r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Sizin isminiz Sehl (kolayl\u0131k) olsun!\u201d<\/em> buyurdu. Dedesi ise:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Babam\u0131n bana verdi\u011fi ismi de\u011fi\u015ftiremem\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sa\u00eed b. M\u00fcseyyeb der ki:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cO g\u00fcnden beri bizde kabal\u0131k, kasvet ve me\u015fakkat eksik olmad\u0131.\u201d (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Edeb, 107; el-Edeb\u00fc\u2019l-m\u00fcfred,<\/em> no: 841)<\/p>\n\n\n\n [1]<\/a> \u0130m\u00e2m Nevev\u00ee, el-Minh\u00e2c \u015ferhu Sah\u00eehi M\u00fcslim,<\/em> Beyrut 1392, XVI, 144.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [2]<\/a> Bkz. M\u00fcslim, N\u00fcz\u00fcr, 8; Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Eym\u00e2n, 21\/3316; Tirmiz\u00ee, Z\u00fchd, 50; Ahmed, IV, 239.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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