Murat Kaya<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00e2v\u00fbd (a.s) Hz. Y\u00e2kub\u2019un soyundand\u0131r.[1]<\/a> \u00c7ocukken koyun \u00e7obanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapard\u0131. Allah\u2019\u0131n verdi\u011fi g\u00fczel sesle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden beri tesbih eder, zikriyle her\u015feyi co\u015fturur, da\u011flar ve ku\u015flar bile ona kat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Son derece cesur idi. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) onun d\u00fc\u015fmanla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda asl\u00e2 ka\u00e7mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 haber vermi\u015ftir.[3]<\/a> Nitekim azg\u0131n ve zorba C\u00e2lut\u2019un kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na kahramanca \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrerek kalabal\u0131k ordusunun hez\u00eemete u\u011framas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftu. \u201c\u2026Allah da ona h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131k ve hikmet vermi\u015f, ona diledi\u011fi \u015feyleri \u00f6\u011fretmi\u015fti\u2026\u201d<\/em>[4]<\/a> Buradaki \u201chikmet\u201dten kas\u0131t peygamberliktir. Yani o hem g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00e2r, hem de \u015ferefli bir peygamber olmu\u015f, kitap olarak da Zeb\u00fbr indirilmi\u015fti.[5]<\/a> Zeb\u00fbr\u2019da dualar, hamdler, sen\u00e2lar, tahmidler, temcidler vard\u0131; helal-haram, fer\u00e2iz ve hud\u00fbd yoktu.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00e2v\u00fbd (a.s) kendisini ve ehlini beyt\u00fclmale muhta\u00e7 olmadan ge\u00e7indirecek bir sanat \u00f6\u011fretmesi ve onu kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in dua ediyordu. Allah te\u00e2l\u00e2 da ona demiri hamur gibi yumu\u015fatacak bir kudret ihsan etti ve z\u0131rh yapmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretti.[7]<\/a> D\u00e2v\u00fbd (a.s) z\u0131rh yap\u0131p satar, hem \u00e2ilesinin ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flar hem de infak ederdi.[8]<\/a> Onun hurma yapra\u011f\u0131ndan zenbil yaparak ma\u00ee\u015fetini temin etti\u011fi de s\u00f6ylenir.[9]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130b\u00e2dete \u00c7ok D\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcnd\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00e2v\u00fbd (a.s) Allah\u2019a ib\u00e2det i\u00e7in en faziletli vakitleri ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Bir g\u00fcn Cebrail (a.s)\u2019a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Gecenin hangi vakti efdaldir?\u201d diye sormu\u015f o da:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Seher vaktinin (fazileti) sebebiyle Ar\u015f\u2019\u0131n titreyi\u015finden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey bilmiyorum!\u201d demi\u015fti.[10]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ras\u00fblullah Efendimiz (s.a.v) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015flard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cAllah\u2019a en sevimli gelen namaz D\u00e2v\u00fbd (a.s)\u2019\u0131n namaz\u0131 idi. Yine Allah\u2019a en sevimli gelen oru\u00e7 D\u00e2v\u00fbd (a.s)\u2019\u0131n orucu idi. O, gecenin yar\u0131s\u0131nda uyur, \u00fc\u00e7te birinde kalk\u0131p ibadet eder, alt\u0131da birinde tekrar uyurdu; bir g\u00fcn oru\u00e7 tutar, bir g\u00fcn tutmazd\u0131.\u201d<\/em>[11]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah\u2019\u0131n emrine itaatte ve ibadette kuvvet sahibiydi, evv\u00e2b idi, Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v) \u201cevv\u00e2b\u201d<\/strong>\u0131n \u201cyaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00fcnahlar\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlay\u0131p Allah\u2019tan ma\u011ffiret isteyen kimse\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Tesbih eden, itaatk\u00e2r, yak\u00een sahibi ve tevbe ile Allah\u2019a \u00e7ok\u00e7a y\u00f6nelen anlamlar\u0131 da vard\u0131r.[12]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00e2v\u00fbd (a.s) il\u00e2h\u00ee kitab\u0131 da \u00e7ok okurdu. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) bunu \u015f\u00f6yle haber verir: \u201cD\u00e2vud\u2019a k\u0131raat kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, bineklerinin e\u011ferlenmesini emrederdi, daha bu i\u015f bitmeden (Zeb\u00fbr\u2019u) okuyup bitirirdi. Elinin eme\u011finden ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 da yemezdi.\u201d<\/em>[13]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerden Sak\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c2yet-i kerimede: \u201c\u0130sr\u00e2ilo\u011fullar\u0131\u2019ndan k\u00e2fir olanlar, D\u00e2v\u00fbd ve Meryem o\u011flu \u00ces\u00e2 diliyle l\u00e2netlenmi\u015flerdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar isyan etmi\u015flerdi ve s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 a\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. \u0130\u015fledikleri k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckten birbirlerini vazge\u00e7irmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131yorlard\u0131. Yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ne fena idi!\u201d<\/em>[14]<\/a> buyrulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130sr\u00e2ilo\u011fullar\u0131, yanl\u0131\u015f yapan insanlar\u0131 \u00f6nce bir uyar\u0131r, daha sonra onlarla yiyip i\u00e7ebilmek ve yanlar\u0131nda oturabilmek i\u00e7in g\u00fcnahlar\u0131na ses \u00e7\u0131karmazlard\u0131. Allah te\u00e2l\u00e2 da Hz. D\u00e2v\u00fbd\u2019un lisan\u0131yla Zeb\u00fbr\u2019da onlar\u0131 l\u00e2netledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130lim ve Sanat Ehli \u0130di<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah ona ilim vermi\u015fti; Tevr\u00e2t\u2019\u0131, Zeb\u00fbru bilirdi, dinde f\u0131k\u0131h (ince anlay\u0131\u015f) sahibi idi, insanlar aras\u0131nda \u00e2dil ve isabetli h\u00fck\u00fcmler verirdi, ku\u015flar\u0131n ve di\u011fer hayvanlar\u0131n dilini anlard\u0131.[15]<\/a> Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak \u015f\u00f6yle buyurur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cHer birine de h\u00fckmetme yetene\u011fi ve ilim verdik. Ku\u015flar\u0131 ve tesbih eden da\u011flar\u0131 da D\u00e2v\u00fbd\u2019un buyru\u011fu alt\u0131na soktuk. Bunlar\u0131 yapan bizdik. Ona sizin i\u00e7in z\u0131rh yapmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frettik ki harbinizin \u015fiddetinden sizi korusun. \u015eimdi siz bunun \u015f\u00fckr\u00fcn\u00fc ed\u00e2 ediyor musunuz?\u201d<\/em>[16]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cAndolsun biz D\u00e2v\u00fbd\u2019a taraf\u0131m\u0131zdan m\u00fcstesna bir lutufta bulunduk. \u2018Ey da\u011flar! Onunla birlikte tesbih edin. Ey ku\u015flar! Siz de!\u2019 dedik ve onun i\u00e7in demiri yumu\u015fatt\u0131k. (Ona \u015f\u00f6yle buyurduk:) \u2018Geni\u015f z\u0131rhlar imal et, \u00f6rg\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc yap.\u201d Siz de (ey m\u00fc\u2019minler) d\u00fcnya ve \u00e2hirete faydal\u0131 i\u015fler yap\u0131n; \u015f\u00fcphesiz ben yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6rmekteyim.\u201d<\/em>[17]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00e2v\u00fbd (a.s) ta\u015f\u0131n a\u011fac\u0131n zikrini anlard\u0131, tesbih ederek da\u011flar\u0131n ku\u015flar\u0131n yan\u0131ndan ge\u00e7er, onlar da kendisine yine tesbihle cevap verirlerdi. Hatta onunla birlikte namaz k\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenir.[18]<\/a> \u0130lk defa \u00f6rg\u00fcl\u00fc z\u0131rh yaparak insanl\u0131\u011fa b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hizmette bulunmu\u015f, onlar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmden korumu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Y\u00fcce Rabbimiz \u015f\u00f6yle buyurur: \u201c\u015e\u00fcphesiz biz D\u00e2v\u00fbd\u2019a ve S\u00fcleyman\u2019a da bir ilim verdik. Onlar \u00abBizi m\u00fc\u2019min kullar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fundan \u00fcst\u00fcn k\u0131lan Allah\u2019a hamdolsun!\u00bb dediler. S\u00fcleyman, D\u00e2v\u00fbd\u2019a v\u00e2ris oldu. Dedi ki: \u2018Ey insanlar! Bize ku\u015f dili \u00f6\u011fretildi ve bize her \u015feyden gerekti\u011fi kadar verildi. Do\u011frusu bu apa\u00e7\u0131k bir lutuftur.\u2019\u201d<\/em>[19]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Sesi \u00e7ok g\u00fcr ve g\u00fczeldi, tesb\u00eeh\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u0131raatini en g\u00fczel na\u011fmelerle s\u00fcslerdi. Nitekim Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v), Eb\u00fb M\u00fbs\u00e2\u2019ya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cD\u00fcn gece senin okuyu\u015funu dinlerken beni bir g\u00f6rmeliydin! \u015e\u00fcphesiz D\u00e2v\u00fbd\u2019a verilen g\u00fczel seslerden bir na\u011fme de sana verilmi\u015ftir\u201d<\/em>[20]<\/a> buyurmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ad\u00e2letle H\u00fckmeden Bir Hal\u00eefe \u0130di<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak \u015f\u00f6yle buyurur: \u201cSen, onlar\u0131n s\u00f6ylediklerine sabret; g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kulumuz D\u00e2v\u00fbd\u2019u hat\u0131rla! O, y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc hep Allah\u2019a d\u00f6nerdi. Da\u011flar\u0131 ve toplan\u0131p gelen ku\u015flar\u0131 ona boyun e\u011fdirmi\u015ftik; ak\u015famleyin ve i\u015frak vakti tesbih ederlerdi. Hepsi de O\u2019na y\u00f6nelmi\u015flerdi. Onun h\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmi\u015f, kendisine hikmet ve anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 bitiren konu\u015fma yetene\u011fi vermi\u015ftik.\u201d<\/em>[21]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir g\u00fcn iki davac\u0131 m\u00e2bedin duvar\u0131ndan atlay\u0131p Hz. D\u00e2v\u00fbd\u2019un yan\u0131na girmi\u015flerdi. D\u00e2v\u00fbd onlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce tel\u00e2\u015fland\u0131. \u201cKorkma, biz birimizin di\u011ferini haks\u0131zl\u0131kla su\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki davac\u0131y\u0131z. Aram\u0131zda \u00e2dil bir h\u00fck\u00fcm ver; do\u011fruluktan sapma, bize de do\u011fru yolu g\u00f6ster\u201d dediler. Sonra i\u00e7lerinden biri \u201c\u015eu adam benim karde\u015fim. Onun doksan dokuz koyunu, benim ise bir tek koyunum var. Buna ra\u011fmen \u00abOnu da bana ver\u00bb diyor ve tart\u0131\u015fmada bana bask\u0131n \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor\u201d dedi. D\u00e2v\u00fbd (a.s): \u201cSenin koyununu kendi koyunlar\u0131na katmay\u0131 isteyerek haks\u0131zl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f. Zaten ortaklar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu birbirine haks\u0131zl\u0131k ederler; yaln\u0131z iman edip s\u00e2lih ameller i\u015fleyenler b\u00f6yle de\u011fildir; ama onlar da ne kadar azd\u0131r!\u201d dedi. Bu arada Allah\u2019\u0131n kendisini b\u00f6yle bir temsil ile imtihan etti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc. Rabbinden kendisini ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 dileyerek secdeye kapand\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle O\u2019na y\u00f6neldi.[22]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah te\u00e2l\u00e2 onu ba\u011f\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: \u201c\u015e\u00fcphesiz yan\u0131m\u0131zda onun y\u00fcksek bir makam\u0131, g\u00fczel bir gelece\u011fi vard\u0131r. \u00abEy D\u00e2v\u00fbd! Biz seni yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde halife yapt\u0131k; onun i\u00e7in insanlar aras\u0131nda adaletle h\u00fckmet; nefsin isteklerine uyma, sonra seni Allah yolundan sapt\u0131r\u0131r. \u015e\u00fcphesiz Allah yolundan sapanlara, hesap verme g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc unutmalar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r bir azap vard\u0131r.\u00bb\u201d<\/em>[23]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7ok \u015e\u00fckrederdi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00e2v\u00fbd (a.s): \u201c\u0130l\u00e2h\u00ee ben sana nas\u0131l hakk\u0131yla \u015f\u00fckredebilirim ki, senin nimetin olmasa \u015f\u00fckre bile g\u00fcc\u00fcm yetmez!\u201d dedi. Allah te\u00e2l\u00e2: \u201cEy D\u00e2v\u00fbd! Sana gelen nimetin benden oldu\u011funu biliyorsun de\u011fil mi? \u0130\u015fte ben bunu senin \u015f\u00fckr\u00fcn olarak kabul ettim!\u201d buyurdu.[24]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00e2v\u00fbd (a.s): \u201c\u0130l\u00e2h\u00ee! Sa\u00e7\u0131m\u0131n her teli iki dil olup gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz durmadan se\u00adni tesbih ve takdis etseler yine hakk\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6deyemem\u201d diye niy\u00e2z ederdi.[25]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah\u2019\u0131n af, ihsan ve merhametine \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr olarak bir mescid yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 istedi. Mescid-i Aks\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131 ancak bitirmeye \u00f6mr\u00fc vef\u00e2 etmedi. O\u011flu Hz. S\u00fcleyman\u2019a onu tamamlamas\u0131n\u0131 vasiyet etti.[26]<\/a> Ecelinin geldi\u011fini anlay\u0131nca hemen mihrab\u0131n basamaklar\u0131ndan birinin \u00fczerin\u00adde secdeye kapand\u0131, r\u00fbhunu bu \u015fekilde teslim etti. H\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011fana, hikmetine, bilgi\u00adsine ve peygamberli\u011fine o\u011flu S\u00fcleyman (a.s) v\u00e2ris oldu.[27]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n [1]<\/a> \u0130bn Sa\u02bbd, Tabak\u00e2t,<\/em> I, 55.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [2]<\/a> Taber\u00ee, T\u00e2r\u00eeh, <\/em>I, 245; Sa\u02bbleb\u00ee, Ar\u00e2is<\/em>, s. 270.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [3]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Enbiy\u00e2, 37.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [4]<\/a> el-Bakara 2\/251.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [5]<\/a> el-\u0130sr\u00e2 17\/55.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [6]<\/a> Yahy\u00e2 b. Sell\u00e2m, Tefs\u00eer,<\/em> I, 142; \u0130bn Eb\u00ee H\u00e2tim, Tefs\u00eer<\/em>, IV, 118.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [7]<\/a> Taber\u00ee, I, 248, Sa\u02bbleb\u00ee, s. 278; Kurtub\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer,<\/em> XIV, 266.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [8]<\/a> Sa\u02bbleb\u00ee, s. 278; Kurtub\u00ee, XIV, 267.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [9]<\/a> \u0130bn Eb\u00ee \u015eeybe, Musannef,<\/em> XI, 551; Ahmed b. Hanbel, ez-Z\u00fchd, <\/em>s. 117.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [10]<\/a> \u0130bn Eb\u00ee \u015eeybe, XIII, 240\/34251; Ahmed, ez-Z\u00fchd, <\/em>89.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [11]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Tehecc\u00fcd, 7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [12]<\/a> S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, ed-D\u00fcrr\u00fc\u2019l-mens\u00fbr,<\/em> VII, 149-150.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [13]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Enbiy\u00e2, 37.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [14]<\/a> el-M\u00e2ide 5\/78-79.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [15]<\/a> \u0130bn As\u00e2kir, T\u00e2rih,<\/em> XXII, 239.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [16]<\/a> el-Enbiy\u00e2 21\/79-80.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [17]<\/a> Sebe\u2019 34\/10-11.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [18]<\/a> Taber\u00ee, C\u00e2mi\u02bbu\u2019l-bey\u00e2n,<\/em> XVIII, 479.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [19]<\/a> en-Neml 27\/15-16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [20]<\/a> M\u00fcslim, M\u00fcs\u00e2fir\u00een, 236.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [21]<\/a> S\u00e2d 38\/17-20.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [22]<\/a> S\u00e2d 38\/21-24.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [23]<\/a> S\u00e2d 38\/25-26.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [24]<\/a> Ahmed, ez-Z\u00fchd, <\/em>91-92.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [25]<\/a> \u0130bn Eb\u00ee \u015eeybe, XIII, 209; Ahmed, ez-Z\u00fchd, <\/em>88.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [26]<\/a> Taber\u00ee, I, 252; Sa\u02bbleb\u00ee, s. 308.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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