{"id":16473,"date":"2021-12-15T07:58:54","date_gmt":"2021-12-15T05:58:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=16473"},"modified":"2021-12-15T08:01:39","modified_gmt":"2021-12-15T06:01:39","slug":"insan-avcilari-ve-kalpleri-temizleyen-peygamber-yardimcilari-havariler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=16473","title":{"rendered":"\u0130nsan Avc\u0131lar\u0131 ve Kalpleri Temizleyen Peygamber Yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131: HAV\u00c2R\u0130LER"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Arap\u00e7a&nbsp;bir kelime olan <strong>hav\u00e2r\u00ee<\/strong>, l\u00fcgatte \u201cbeyaz olmak, iyice beyazlatmak\u201d m\u00e2nalar\u0131na gelen <strong>haver<\/strong>&nbsp;k\u00f6k\u00fcnden t\u00fcremi\u015ftir. \u201cSe\u00e7ilmi\u015f, kusursuz; taraftar, fed\u00e2kar arkada\u015f, dost, bir kimseye \u00e7ok\u00e7a yard\u0131m eden, bir davaya adanan\u201d gibi anlamlara da gelir.<a href=\"#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daha \u00e7ok Allah\u2019\u0131n peygamberlerine iman edip onlara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan kimselere hav\u00e2ri denir. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: <em>\u201cBenden \u00f6nce Allah hangi \u00fcmmete peygamber g\u00f6ndermi\u015fse hepsinin de mutlaka \u00fcmmetlerinden hav\u00e2rileri ve s\u00fcnnetini takip eden, emrine uyan yak\u0131n dostlar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn2\"><strong>[2]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> <em>\u201cHer peygamberin bir hav\u00e2risi vard\u0131r, benim hav\u00e2rim de Z\u00fcbeyr b. Avv\u00e2m\u2019d\u0131r.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn3\"><strong>[3]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v)\u2019in \u0130kinci Akabe Bey\u02bbat\u0131\u2019ndan sonra Medineliler\u2019e nakib tayin etti\u011fi on iki ki\u015fiye de hav\u00e2ri denilmi\u015ftir. Kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131zda Kurey\u015f\u2019ten olan on iki sah\u00e2b\u00ee de \u201chav\u00e2ri\u201d diye an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir, \u00d6mer, Osman, Ali, Hamza, Ca\u2018fer, Eb\u00fb Ubeyde b. Cerr\u00e2h, Osman b. Maz\u2018\u00fbn, Abdurrahman b. Avf, Sa\u2018d b. Eb\u00fb Vakk\u0101s, Talha b. Ubeydullah ve Z\u00fcbeyr b. Avv\u00e2m\u2019d\u0131r (r.a).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cHav\u00e2ri\u201d kelimesi \u0130sa (a.s) taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilmi\u015f, tebli\u011f ve ir\u015fad vazifesinde ona yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan on iki ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda me\u015fhur olmu\u015ftur. Hz. \u0130sa yolda giderken bal\u0131k tutmakta olan bir tak\u0131m insanlara rastlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Onlara \u201cNe yap\u0131yorsunuz?\u201d diye sordu. \u201cBal\u0131k avl\u0131yoruz\u201d dediler. \u0130sa (a.s) \u201cBenimle gelin de birlikte insan avlayal\u0131m\u201d dedi. \u201cSen kimsin?\u201d diye sordular. \u201cBen \u0130sa b. Meryem\u2019im\u201d deyince hemen ona iman ettiler ve kendisiyle birlikte gittiler.<a href=\"#_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> O g\u00fcnden sonra Hz. \u0130sa\u2019dan hi\u00e7 ayr\u0131lmad\u0131lar, daima onun hizmetinde bulundular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c2yet-i kerimede \u015f\u00f6yle buyrulur: <em>\u201c\u0130sa onlardaki (Ben\u00ee \u0130sr\u00e2il\u2019deki) ink\u00e2rc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sezince, \u00abAllah\u2019a giden yolda bana yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacaklar kimlerdir?\u00bb diye sordu. Hav\u00e2riler cevap verdiler: \u00abBiz Allah i\u00e7in yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131z; Allah\u2019a inand\u0131k, \u015fahit ol ki bizler m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131z\u00bb.\u201d<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn5\">[5]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yah\u00fbdiler d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fiddetlendirdikleri, Hz. \u0130sa\u2019y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrme planlar\u0131 yapt\u0131klar\u0131 esnada hav\u00e2riler onun etraf\u0131nda topland\u0131lar, ona ens\u00e2r oldular ve onun pe\u015finden gittiler. Allah onlara <em>\u201cBana ve peygamberime iman edin\u201d<\/em> diye ilham etmi\u015fti, onlar da <em>\u201c\u0130man ettik, \u015fahit ol ki bizler y\u00fcrekten teslimiyet i\u00e7indeyiz\u201d<\/em> dediler.<a href=\"#_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> Elbiseleri gibi kalpleri de saf ve p\u00e2k idi. Al\u0131nlar\u0131nda ibadetin n\u00fbru ve g\u00fczelli\u011fi vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir g\u00fcn hav\u00e2riler <em>\u201cEy Meryem o\u011flu \u0130sa! Rabbin bize g\u00f6kten bir sofra indirebilir mi?\u201d <\/em>diye sormu\u015flard\u0131. \u0130sa (a.s): <em>\u201cE\u011fer iman etmi\u015f kimseler iseniz Allah\u2019tan korkun\u201d <\/em>buyurdu.<a href=\"#_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> Bundan sonra g\u00f6kten sofran\u0131n indi\u011fi veya hav\u00e2rilerin taleplerinden vazge\u00e7tikleriyle ilgili farkl\u0131 rivayetler vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131zda Hz. \u0130sa\u2019n\u0131n hav\u00e2rileriyle ilgili \u00e7e\u015fitli rivayetler yer al\u0131r: Buna g\u00f6re onlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 on ikidir ve bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rc\u0131l\u0131k, kaptanl\u0131k, boyac\u0131l\u0131k gibi meslekler icra etmektedirler. Bir g\u00fcn onlar Hz. \u0130sa\u2019ya, \u201cDiledi\u011fimizde sen bizi doyuruyor ve i\u00e7iriyorsun, acaba bizden daha \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc var m\u0131d\u0131r?\u201d diye sormu\u015flard\u0131. O da; \u201cSizden daha \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc kendi el eme\u011fiyle ge\u00e7inendir\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdi. Bir defas\u0131nda \u0130sa (a.s), Hz. N\u00fbh\u2019tan, t\u00fbfandan ve gemiden bahsetmi\u015fti. Hav\u00e2riler, \u201cT\u00fbfan hadisesine \u015fahit olmu\u015f birini diriltmeni isteriz\u201d dediler. \u0130sa (a.s) da Hz. N\u00fbh\u2019un o\u011flu S\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n kabrine giderek onu diriltti ve t\u00fbf\u00e2n\u0131 ondan dinlediler.<a href=\"#_ftn8\">[8]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir ba\u015fka rivayete g\u00f6re \u0130sa (a.s) bal\u0131k avlayan d\u00f6rt ki\u015fiyle konu\u015farak onlar\u0131 dine davet etti. Onlar da kabul ederek kendisine t\u00e2bi olurlar. \u0130sa (a.s) daha sonra nehirde \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r y\u0131kayan di\u011fer bir grubun yan\u0131na gitti. Onlara, \u201cEy insanlar! Siz bu \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rlar\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131yor ve kirlerinden temizliyorsunuz, fakat ni\u00e7in ayn\u0131 \u015feyi kalplerinize yapm\u0131yorsunuz? Ben Allah\u2019\u0131n size g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi el\u00e7isiyim\u201d dedi. Onlara Hz. Muhammed\u2019i m\u00fcjdeledi. Onlar da Hz. \u0130sa\u2019ya iman edip t\u00e2bi oldular.<a href=\"#_ftn9\">[9]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kur\u2019\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eem\u2019de Ash\u00e2b\u00fc\u2019l-karye\u2019ye g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi bildirilen<a href=\"#_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> el\u00e7ilerin Hz. \u0130sa\u2019n\u0131n hav\u00e2rileri oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenir. Hav\u00e2riler Hz. \u0130sa\u2019n\u0131n t\u00e2limat\u0131 istik\u00e2metinde, onun sem\u00e2ya y\u00fckseltilmesinden sonra \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelere giderek dini tebli\u011f ettiler. Petrus ve Pavlus Anadolu\u2019ya, Andreas ve Matta zencilere, Tomas B\u00e2bil diyar\u0131na, Filipus Kuzey Afrika\u2019ya, Yuhanna Efes\u2019e, Ya\u2018k\u016bb Kud\u00fcs\u2019e, Gayyur Simun Berber\u00eeler\u2019in ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgeye gitti.<a href=\"#_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> Petrus ve Pavlus Roma\u2019da \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, Tomas Hindistan\u2019a gitti ve orada \u00f6ld\u00fc.<a href=\"#_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> Di\u011fer bir rivayete g\u00f6re ise \u0130sa (a.s) sem\u00e2ya kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce hav\u00e2rilerden ikisini Anadolu\u2019ya, ikisini Habe\u015fistan\u2019a, birini B\u00e2bil\u2019e, birini Kuzey Afrika\u2019ya, birini Ash\u00e2b-\u0131 Kehf\u2019in, birini Berber\u00eeler\u2019in ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgeye, ikisini Antakya\u2019ya, birini Sind ve Hint\u2019e g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir. Hav\u00e2rilerin reisi olan Simun Petrus ise Kud\u00fcs\u2019te kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<a href=\"#_ftn13\">[13]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eu \u00e2yet-i kerime bize hav\u00e2rilerin anlat\u0131lmas\u0131ndaki hikmeti g\u00f6stermektedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u201cEy iman edenler! Allah\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 olun. Nitekim Meryem o\u011flu \u0130sa da hav\u00e2rilerine, \u00abAllah\u2019a giden yolda bana yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacaklar kimlerdir?\u00bb diye sordu\u011funda hav\u00e2riler, \u00abAllah\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 biziz\u00bb demi\u015flerdi. Sonra \u0130sr\u00e2ilo\u011fullar\u0131\u2019ndan bir k\u0131sm\u0131 iman etmi\u015f, di\u011fer bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da ink\u00e2ra sapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Biz inananlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 destekledik, b\u00f6ylece \u00fcst\u00fcn geldiler.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn14\"><strong>[14]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> Allah te\u00e2l\u00e2 hav\u00e2rileri bize \u00f6rnek g\u00f6stererek \u00e2deta \u015f\u00f6yle demek istiyor: \u201cOnlar\u0131n Hz. \u0130sa\u2019ya yard\u0131m etti\u011fi gibi siz de Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v)\u2019e yard\u0131m edin. Onlar az olduklar\u0131 h\u00e2lde peygamberlerine yard\u0131m ettiler, siz ise daha \u00e7oksunuz\u2026\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn15\">[15]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> \u0130bn Manz\u00fbr, <em>Lis\u00e2n\u00fc\u2019l-\u02bfArab<\/em>, \u201c\u1e25vr\u201d md.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> M\u00fcslim, \u00cem\u00e2n, 80.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Cih\u00e2d, 40, 41, 135; M\u00fcslim, Fed\u00e2il\u00fc\u2019s-Sah\u00e2be, 48.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> Taber\u00ee, <em>C\u00e2miu\u2019l-bey\u00e2n,<\/em> VI, 445.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a> \u00c2l-i \u0130mr\u00e2n 3\/52. Hav\u00e2riler i\u00e7in ayrca bkz. el-M\u00e2ide 5\/111-115.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> el-M\u00e2ide 5\/111.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a> el-M\u00e2ide 5\/112-115.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a> \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Es\u00eer, <em>el-K\u00e2mil fi\u2019t-t\u00e2r\u00ee\u1e2b<\/em>, Beyrut 1399\/1979, I, 314-315.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a> N\u00fcveyr\u00ee,&nbsp;<em>Nih\u00e2yet\u00fc\u2019l-ereb&nbsp;f\u00ee f\u00fcn\u00fbni\u2019l-edeb,&nbsp;<\/em>Kahire, 1395-1412, XIV, 226-227.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> Y\u00e2s\u00een 36\/13-29.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> Taber\u00ee,&nbsp;<em>T\u00e2r\u00eeh<\/em>, I, 603.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a> Mes\u2018\u00fbd\u00ee,&nbsp;<em>M\u00fcr\u00fbc\u00fc\u2019z-zeheb&nbsp;<\/em>(Abd\u00fclham\u00eed), I-IV, Kahire 1367\/1948, I, 311-312.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a> N\u00fcveyr\u00ee, XIV, 250-259; Osman Cilac\u0131, \u201cHav\u00e2ri\u201d mad., <em>TDV \u0130sl\u00e2m Ansiklopedisi,<\/em> https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/havari (03.10.2021).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a> es-Saff 61\/14.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a> Muk\u0101til b. S\u00fcleyman, <em>Tefs\u00eer<\/em>, IV, 318.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Arap\u00e7a&nbsp;bir kelime olan hav\u00e2r\u00ee, l\u00fcgatte \u201cbeyaz olmak, iyice beyazlatmak\u201d m\u00e2nalar\u0131na gelen haver&nbsp;k\u00f6k\u00fcnden t\u00fcremi\u015ftir. \u201cSe\u00e7ilmi\u015f, kusursuz; taraftar, fed\u00e2kar arkada\u015f, dost, bir kimseye \u00e7ok\u00e7a yard\u0131m eden, bir davaya adanan\u201d gibi anlamlara da&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5],"tags":[963,915,965,966,293,967],"class_list":["post-16473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-makaleler","tag-havariler","tag-hz-isa","tag-insan-avcilari","tag-kalpleri-temizleyen-peygamber-yardimcilari","tag-sahabe","tag-sahabiler"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3G27m-4hH","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16473"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16473\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16474,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16473\/revisions\/16474"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}