Her nimetin bir k\u00fclfeti vard\u0131r. En b\u00fcy\u00fck nimet, sonsuz nimetlerin anahtar\u0131 olan iman ve \u0130sl\u00e2m nimetidir. Bu nimetlerin \u015f\u00fckr\u00fcn\u00fc ed\u00e2 edip imtihanlar\u0131n\u0131 verebilmek ise \u00f6yle kolay de\u011fildir. Bu imtihanlar esnas\u0131nda sab\u0131r ve namazla Allah\u2019tan yard\u0131m istemek gerekir. Bunlar Allah\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ilk vesileleridir. Sab\u0131r her muvaffakiyetin ba\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130mandan sonra yolun ba\u015f\u0131 sab\u0131r, ahl\u00e2k\u0131n, ilmin, amelin ba\u015f\u0131 sab\u0131r, h\u00e2s\u0131l\u0131 hikmetin ba\u015f\u0131 sab\u0131rd\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar terbiye kanununa t\u00e2bi olarak tedricen geli\u015fecekleri i\u00e7in sab\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k etmek, acele etmek hikmete uygun de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Allah te\u00e2l\u00e2, Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019e ittib\u00e2\u02bb edip etmeyeni se\u00e7mek ve nimetlerini tamamlamak \u00fczere kullar\u0131n\u0131 korku, a\u00e7l\u0131k; mal, can ve meyvelerden eksilterek imtihan edece\u011fini bildirmi\u015ftir. (Bakara, 155) \u00c2hirette korku ve h\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00e2z\u00e2de olabilmeleri i\u00e7in kullar\u0131na d\u00fcnyada biraz bu mihnetleri tatt\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lara sabredenleri ise m\u00fcjdelemektedir. Sabr\u0131n al\u00e2meti ise \u0130stirc\u00e2\u2019d\u0131r. Yani musibet \u00e2n\u0131nda ve daha sonra onu hat\u0131rlad\u0131k\u00e7a kalpten \u201c\u0130n\u00e2 lill\u00e2h ve inn\u00e2 ileyhi r\u00e2ci\u02bb\u00fbn: Biz her h\u00e2l u k\u00e2rda Allah\u2019\u0131n\u0131z ve mutlaka O\u2019na d\u00f6n\u00fcp varaca\u011f\u0131z\u201d diyerek Allah\u2019a tesl\u00eem olmak, Allah\u2019a d\u00f6nme sevinciyle tesell\u00ee bulmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Biz Allah\u2019\u0131n\u0131z, mallar\u0131m\u0131z ve canlar\u0131m\u0131z O\u2019nun, diledi\u011fi gibi bunlarda tasarrufa hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ac\u0131 tatl\u0131 O\u2019nun hi\u00e7bir tasarrufuna itiraz etmek c\u00e2iz de\u011fildir. Biz O\u2019nun kaz\u00e2 ve kaderine r\u00e2z\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Biz d\u00f6n\u00fcp dola\u015f\u0131p mutlaka Allah\u2019a d\u00f6nece\u011fiz. Ba\u015fta yok iken Allah\u2019tan geldi\u011fimiz gibi sonunda da yine O\u2019na varaca\u011f\u0131z. Vis\u00e2le erip Allah ile b\u00e2k\u012b olaca\u011f\u0131z. Bu iman ile O\u2019nun r\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 kazanmay\u0131 \u00fcmid ediyoruz. Mihnetlerle dolu d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck tesell\u00eesi budur. Elmal\u0131l\u0131 Hamdi Efendi ne g\u00fczel s\u00f6yler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Allah\u2019\u0131n olmak ve Allah\u2019a r\u00fcc\u00fb\u2019 etmenin zevkine eri\u015febilecek hi\u00e7bir zevk ve hi\u00e7bir tesell\u00ee yoktur. Allah\u2019a kavu\u015fman\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde bir nimet ve y\u00fccelik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemeyece\u011fi i\u00e7in, bununla tel\u00e2f\u00ee edilemeyecek ve unutulmayacak hi\u00e7bir kay\u0131p, hi\u00e7bir \u0131zt\u0131rap, hi\u00e7bir musibet de olamaz.[1]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah\u2019a d\u00f6nmeyi istemek, O\u2019nunla tesell\u00ee olmak i\u00e7in ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131za b\u00fcy\u00fck musibetlerin gelmesi de gerekmez. Nitekim birg\u00fcn Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019in ayakkab\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131, kay\u0131\u015f\u0131 kopmu\u015ftu. Hemen istirc\u00e2da bulundu. Ash\u00e2b-\u0131 kir\u00e2m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Bu da bir musibet midir y\u00e2 Ras\u00fblallah?\u201d diye sordular. Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v):<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013M\u00fc\u2019minin ba\u015f\u0131na gelen her n\u00e2ho\u015f h\u00e2dise musibettir\u201d<\/em>[2]<\/a>,<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cM\u00fc\u2019mine ez\u00e2 ver<\/em>en <\/em>her<\/em> \u015fey ona bir mus\u00eebettir<\/em>\u201d<\/em>[3]<\/a> buyurdu. Nitekim bir gece kandili s\u00f6n\u00fcverince de istirc\u00e2da bulunmu\u015ftu.[4]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Hz. \u00c2i\u015fe (r.a.) \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r: Bir g\u00fcn Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v), yan\u0131ma geldi, ba\u015fparma\u011f\u0131na bir diken batm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Hemen istirc\u00e2da bulunmaya ve yaras\u0131n\u0131 ovu\u015fturmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Onun bu \u015fekilde istirc\u00e2 etti\u011fini i\u015fitince yan\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131m ve bakt\u0131m, \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir iz vard\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine g\u00fclerek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Ey Allah\u2019\u0131n Ras\u00fbl\u00fc! Annem babam sana feda olsun, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu istirc\u00e2lar bu diken sebebiyle mi?\u201d dedim. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) tebess\u00fcm etti, sonra omzuma dokundu ve \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Ey \u00c2i\u015fe! Allah -azze ve celle-, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u015feyi b\u00fcy\u00fck yapmak isterse onu yapar; b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015feyi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yapmak isterse onu da yapar.\u201d<\/em>[5]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00e2bi\u00eenin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e2limlerinden Sa\u00eed b. M\u00fcseyyeb cemaatle namaz\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131nca istirc\u00e2da bulunmu\u015ftur. Hasan Basr\u00ee de bunun bir musibet oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek \u201cCemaatle namaz\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda istirc\u00e2da bulunun\u201d demi\u015ftir.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130stirc\u00e2n\u0131n sadece \u00fcmmet-i Muhammed\u2019e ihsan edilmi\u015f bir tesell\u00ee oldu\u011fu, Ya\u02bbk\u00fbb (a.s)\u2019\u0131n bile o b\u00fcy\u00fck musibetler esnas\u0131nda istirc\u00e2da bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 nakledilir.[7]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah te\u00e2l\u00e2 belalar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda sabredip istirc\u00e2da bulunan kullar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnahlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rter ve onlar\u0131 rahmetiyle \u00f6yle sevaplara, \u00f6yle nimetlere ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ki bunlar d\u00fcnyada ne g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, ne i\u015fitilmi\u015f, ne de be\u015ferin h\u00e2t\u0131r \u00fc hay\u00e2line gelmi\u015f \u015feylerdir.[8]<\/a> Nitekim Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) \u201cKim musibet an\u0131nda istirc\u00e2da bulunursa, Allah onun musibetini telafi eder, sonunu g\u00fczel k\u0131lar ve ona r\u00e2z\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00e2lih bir halef (yerine ge\u00e7en) verir\u201d[9]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> buyurmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dcmm\u00fc Seleme (r.a) \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131r: Bir g\u00fcn kocam Eb\u00fb Seleme Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) Efendimiz\u2019in yan\u0131ndan geldi ve \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: \u201cAllah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019nden \u00f6yle bir s\u00f6z i\u015fittim ki beni \u00e7ok sevindirdi. \u015e\u00f6yle buyurdu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00abBir m\u00fcsl\u00fcmana bir musibet isabet eder ve o da bu esn\u00e2da \u2018Biz Allah\u2019a \u00e2idiz ve elbette O\u2019na d\u00f6nece\u011fiz\u2019 diye istirc\u00e2 eder, sonra da: <\/em>\u0627\u064e\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0670\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0623\u0652\u062c\u064f\u0631\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0641\u0650\u064a \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0650\u064a\u0628\u064e\u062a\u0650\u064a \u0648\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0641\u0652 \u0644\u0650\u064a \u062e\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u2018Allah\u2019\u0131m! Beni musibetimden dolay\u0131 m\u00fck\u00e2fatland\u0131r ve bana ondan daha hay\u0131rl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 nasip et\u2019 derse Allah mutlaka bunu onun i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir.\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ben bunu Eb\u00fb Seleme\u2019den \u00f6\u011frendim ve ezberledim. Eb\u00fb Seleme vefat etti\u011finde istirc\u00e2da bulundum ve bu duay\u0131 yapt\u0131m. Sonra kendi kendime: \u00abEb\u00fb Seleme\u2019den daha hay\u0131rl\u0131s\u0131 nereden bana nasip olacak?\u00bb diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm. Ancak Allah te\u00e2l\u00e2 bana ondan daha hay\u0131rl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ihs\u00e2n eyledi: Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v).\u201d[10]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir m\u00fc\u2019min Allah\u2019\u0131n emrine teslim olup musibet an\u0131nda sabrederek istirc\u00e2da bulunursa, Allah ona \u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcrl\u00fc hay\u0131r yazar: Allah\u2019tan bir ma\u011ffiret, merhamet ve dosdo\u011fru yolu bulma garantisi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mutarrif b. Abdullah\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu vefat etti\u011finde, sa\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 taray\u0131p g\u00fczel elbiseler giyerek d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kendisine bunun sebebi soruldu\u011funda \u015f\u00f6yle dedi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2013Allah, bana musibetim kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fey vaad etti. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 \u015feyin her biri bana t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyadan daha sevgilidir. Allah te\u00e2l\u00e2 \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: \u2018\u0130\u015fte onlar, Rablerinden bir ma\u011ffiret ve bir rahmet ile m\u00fcjdelenenlerdir. Ve onlar, hidayete erenlerin ta kendileridir.\u2019 <\/em>(Bakara, 157) <\/em>Bu m\u00fcjdeden sonra musibet kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda m\u00fccadeleyi b\u0131rak\u0131p \u00e2cizlik mi g\u00f6stereyim?!\u201d[11]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Allah\u2019\u0131n l\u00fctfu ve rahmeti bununla da kalm\u0131yor. Nitekim Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) \u015fu m\u00fcjdeyi veriyor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cBir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na bir musibet gelir, sonra uzun zaman sonra bile bunu hat\u0131rlay\u0131p yeniden istirc\u00e2da bulunursa, Allah o anda mutlaka o kimsenin m\u00fck\u00e2fat\u0131n\u0131 yeniler, ona musibetin ilk isabet etti\u011fi g\u00fcnk\u00fc ecri gibi ecir verir.\u201d[12]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cBir nimet ne kadar uzun zaman \u00f6nce gelmi\u015f olursa olsun, kul o nimet i\u00e7in Allah\u2019a yeniden hamd ederse, Allah o nimetin sevab\u0131n\u0131 onun i\u00e7in yeniler. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde bir musibet de ne kadar eski olursa olsun, kul o musibeti hat\u0131rlayarak yeniden istirc\u00e2da bulunursa, Allah o musibetin sevap ve ecrini onun i\u00e7in yeniler.\u201d[13]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n O h\u00e2lde her bir nimet ve musibet bizim i\u00e7in f\u0131rsatt\u0131r. Onlar\u0131 tekrar tekrar de\u011ferlendirebiliriz. Bu f\u0131rsat\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131ranlar\u0131n h\u00e2lini Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) \u015f\u00f6yle anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cBaz\u0131 insanlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na musibet gelir; onlar sab\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k g\u00f6sterir ve durumlar\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fir. O s\u0131rada oradan ge\u00e7en bir kimse \u2018\u0130nn\u00e2 lill\u00e2hi ve inn\u00e2 ileyhi r\u00e2ci\u02bb\u00fbn\u2019 der ve bu sebeple onlardan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sevap kazan\u0131r.\u201d[14]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> Bel\u00e2 ve musibetler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilecek sab\u0131rlar, Allah\u2019a \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr konusundaki kusurlar\u0131, g\u00fcnahlar\u0131 \u00f6rtecek ve onlar\u0131n yerine sevaplar kazand\u0131racak il\u00e2h\u00ee yard\u0131mlard\u0131r. M\u00fc\u2019minler bunu bilerek sab\u0131r ve namazla Allah\u2019tan yard\u0131m istemeli ve nih\u00e2yetinde r\u00e2ziye ve mard\u0131yye makamlar\u0131n\u0131 elde etmelidirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [1]<\/a> Bkz. Elmal\u0131l\u0131, Hak Dini Kur\u2019an Dili,<\/em> haz. A. C\u00fcneyd K\u00f6ksal – Murat Kaya, \u0130stanbul: T\u00fcrkiye Yazma Eserler Kurumu Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2022, III, 683.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [2]<\/a> Taber\u00e2n\u00ee, el-Mu\u02bbcem\u00fc\u2019l-keb\u00eer,<\/em> 8\/203\/7824.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [3]<\/a> Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, el-Mer\u00e2s\u00eel,<\/em> thk. \u015euayb el-Arna\u00fbt, Beyrut: Ris\u00e2le, 1408, s. 297.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [4]<\/a> \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019s-S\u00fcnn\u00ee, Amel\u00fc\u2019l-yevm ve\u2019l-leyle,<\/em> s. 313 (353).<\/p>\n\n\n\n [5]<\/a> S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, ed-D\u00fcrr\u00fc\u2019l-mens\u00fbr,<\/em> 2\/80.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [6]<\/a> S\u00fcy\u00fbt\u00ee, ed-D\u00fcrr\u00fc\u2019l-mens\u00fbr,<\/em> 2\/80.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [7]<\/a> Taber\u00e2n\u00ee, el-Mu\u2019cem\u00fc\u2019l-keb\u00eer,<\/em> 12\/40 (12411). Kr\u015f. Taber\u00ee, 2\/708.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [8]<\/a> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Bed\u2019\u00fc\u2019l-Halk, 8<\/p>\n\n\n\n [9]<\/a> Taber\u00e2n\u00ee, el-Mu\u2019cem\u00fc\u2019l-keb\u00eer,<\/em> 12\/255 (13027); Beyhak\u00ee, \u015eu\u02bbab\u00fc\u2019l-\u00cem\u00e2n,<\/em> 12\/178 (9240).<\/p>\n\n\n\n [10]<\/a> Ahmed b. Hanbel, el-M\u00fcsned,<\/em> 26\/262-263\/16344; M\u00fcslim, Cen\u00e2iz, 2-4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [11]<\/a> \u0130bn Sa\u2019d, et-Tabak\u00e2t\u00fc\u2019l-k\u00fcbr\u00e2,<\/em> 7\/244.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [12]<\/a> Ahmed b. Hanbel, el-M\u00fcsned,<\/em> 3\/256-257 (1734); \u0130bn M\u00e2ce, 1600. Kr\u015f. Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, et-T\u00e2r\u00eehu\u2019l-keb\u00eer,<\/em> 1\/321-322 (1007).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n