\u0666\u0661. \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0650 \u0627\u0628\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u0639\u064e\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u064d \u0631\u064e\u0636\u0650\u064a\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0670\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f: \u0644\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0628\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062b\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064f \u0635\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0670\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e \u0645\u064f\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0630\u0627\u064b \u0646\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0650 \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f:<\/p>\n
\u00ab\u0625\u0650\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0643\u064e \u062a\u064e\u0642\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0645\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0642\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064d \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u0650\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650 \u0641\u064e\u0644\u0652\u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u064f\u0648\u064e\u062d\u0651\u0650\u062f\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0670\u0647\u064e \u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0639\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0630\u0670\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0628\u0650\u0631\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0670\u0647\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0636\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u062e\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0633\u064e \u0635\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0641\u0650\u064a \u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u062a\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0635\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0623\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0628\u0650\u0631\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0670\u0647\u064e \u0627\u0641\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0636\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0632\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0629\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0624\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0630\u064f \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u063a\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u062a\u064f\u0631\u064e\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0641\u064e\u0642\u0650\u064a\u0631\u0650\u0647\u0650\u0645\u0652 \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0650\u0630\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0641\u064e\u062e\u064f\u0630\u0652 \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0648\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0642\u0651\u064e \u0643\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u0645\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0633\u0650\u00bb<\/p>\n
61. \u0130bn-i Abb\u00e2s (r.a) \u015f\u00f6yle der:<\/p>\n
\u201cNebiyy-i Ekrem Efendimiz (s.a.v), Mu\u00e2z bin Cebel (r.a)\u2019i Yemen taraf\u0131na v\u00e2l\u00ee olarak g\u00f6nderirken ona \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdular:<\/p>\n
\u00ab\u015eimdi sen kit\u00e2b ehli olan insanlar\u0131n yan\u0131na gidiyorsun. Onlar\u0131 ilk d\u00e2vet etti\u011fin \u015fey All\u00e2h Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n birli\u011fini kabul etmeleri olsun! Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n birli\u011fini kabul edip O\u2019nu tan\u0131rlar, yani m\u00e2rifetullahtan nas\u00eeb almaya ba\u015flarlarsa, onlara All\u00e2h Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n bir g\u00fcn ve gecede kendilerine be\u015f vakit namaz\u0131 farz k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 haber ver! Namaz\u0131 da k\u0131larlarsa Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n onlara mallar\u0131n\u0131n zek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 vermeyi farz k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 haber ver! Zek\u00e2t, onlar\u0131n zenginlerinden al\u0131n\u0131p fakirlerine verilir. Bunu da kabul ederlerse, onlardan zek\u00e2tlar\u0131n\u0131 al, ancak insanlar\u0131n mallar\u0131n\u0131n en iyilerini almaktan sak\u0131n!\u00bb<\/i>.\u201d (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Tevh\u00eed, 1)<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0666\u0662. \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a \u0647\u064f\u0631\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0636\u0650\u064a\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0670\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064f \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e: \u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0670\u0651\u0647\u0650 \u0635\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0670\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e\u0633\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0645\u064e:<\/p>\n
\u00ab\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0622\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0670\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652 \u064a\u064f\u0624\u064e\u062f\u0651\u0650 \u0632\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0645\u064f\u062b\u0651\u0650\u0644\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f \u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0634\u064f\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0639\u064e \u0644\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0632\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a\u0628\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u064e\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0647\u064f \u064a\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u062b\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0623\u0652\u062e\u064f\u0630\u064f \u0628\u0650\u0644\u0650\u0647\u0652\u0632\u0650\u0645\u064e\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u064a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0634\u0650\u062f\u0652\u0642\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0647\u0650 \u062b\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064f: \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064f\u0643\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0632\u064f\u0643\u064e\u00bb \u062b\u064f\u0645\u0651\u064e \u062a\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627:<\/p>\n
(<\/b>\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0630\u06ea\u064a\u0646\u064e \u064a\u064e\u0628\u0652\u062e\u064e\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e) <\/b>\u0627\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0622\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064e.<\/p>\n
62. Eb\u00fb H\u00fcreyre (r.a) der ki: Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu:<\/p>\n
\u201cBir kimseye Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 mal verir, o da zek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6demezse, bu mal k\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fc olduk\u00e7a zehirli b\u00fcy\u00fck bir y\u0131lan h\u00e2linde kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Yanaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde (gazap ve zehirinin \u015fiddetini g\u00f6steren) iki siyah nokta vard\u0131r. O g\u00fcn bu azg\u0131n y\u0131lan, mal sahibinin boynuna dolan\u0131p (a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 kapatacak \u015fekilde) iki yana\u011f\u0131ndan \u015fiddetle \u0131s\u0131r\u0131r ve:<\/i><\/p>\n
\u00ab\u2013Ben senin (d\u00fcnyada \u00e7ok sevdi\u011fin) mal\u0131n\u0131m, ben senin haz\u00eenenim!\u00bb der.\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n
Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v), s\u00f6zlerine delil olarak \u015fu \u00e2yet-i kerimeyi okudu:<\/p>\n
\u201cAllah\u2019\u0131n fazl\u0131ndan kendilerine verdi\u011fi nimetleri infak hususunda cimrilik edenler, sak\u0131n bunu kendileri i\u00e7in hay\u0131r sanmas\u0131nlar; bilakis bu, onlar i\u00e7in bir \u015ferdir. Cimrilik ettikleri \u015feyler k\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fc boyunlar\u0131na dolanacakt\u0131r. G\u00f6klerin ve yerin miras\u0131 Allah\u2019\u0131nd\u0131r. Allah b\u00fct\u00fcn yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131zdan haberdard\u0131r.\u201d <\/b>(\u00c2l-i \u0130mr\u00e2n 3\/180) (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Zek\u00e2t, 3; Tirmiz\u00ee, Tefsir, 3\/3012)<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klamalar:<\/b><\/p>\n
Kullar\u0131na her t\u00fcrl\u00fc nimeti bah\u015feden Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2, onlar\u0131n mallar\u0131nda fakirlere \u00e2it bir hak oldu\u011funu bildirmi\u015ftir.[1]<\/a> Zek\u00e2t ismi verilen ve Allah taraf\u0131ndan farz k\u0131l\u0131nan bu miktar, zenginin g\u00f6nl\u00fcnden koparak verdi\u011fi bir hay\u0131r olmay\u0131p, fakirin Allah taraf\u0131ndan t\u00e2yin edilen hakk\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nsan fakirin o hakk\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p vermedik\u00e7e mes\u2019\u00fbliyetten kurtulamaz. Mal\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n zek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fimizde \u00fczerimizdeki hakk\u0131 \u00f6demi\u015f ve mes\u2019\u00fbliyetten kurtulmu\u015f oluruz.<\/p>\n Di\u011fer taraftan zek\u00e2t, servet sahiplerinin n\u00e2il olduklar\u0131 ilah\u00ee nimetlere kar\u015f\u0131 if\u00e2 etmeleri gereken \u015f\u00fckr\u00fcn bir ifadesidir. Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak, \u015f\u00fckredildi\u011fi takdirde nimetlerini art\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, nank\u00f6rl\u00fck edildi\u011finde ise az\u00e2b\u0131n\u0131n \u015fiddetli oldu\u011funu bildirmi\u015ftir. (\u0130br\u00e2h\u00eem 14\/7)<\/p>\n Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2, zek\u00e2t\u0131 kullar\u0131na bir vazife olarak y\u00fcklemekle birlikte, her zamanki gibi yine merhametini onlardan esirgememi\u015f ve bu vec\u00eebeyi yerine getiren kullar\u0131na pek \u00e7ok l\u00fbtuflarda bulunmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce \u201cZek\u00e2t\u201d<\/b> kelimesi; \u201ctemizlemek\u201d<\/b> ve \u201cart\u0131rmak\u201d<\/b> m\u00e2n\u00e2lar\u0131na gelir. Y\u00fcce Rabbimiz, emrine itaat ederek zek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fczelce \u00f6deyen kullar\u0131n\u0131n nefislerini bencillik, cimrilik, mal ve d\u00fcnya sevgisi gibi mezm\u00fbm s\u0131fatlardan temizleyerek onlar\u0131 g\u00fczel ahl\u00e2k sahibi kullar\u0131ndan eyler. Bununla birlikte, mallar\u0131n\u0131 da temiz ve hel\u00e2l u ho\u015f k\u0131l\u0131p bereketlendirir. \u00c2yet-i kerimelerde \u015f\u00f6yle buyrulur:<\/p>\n \u201cOnlar\u0131n mallar\u0131ndan sadaka<\/b>[2]<\/a> al; bununla onlar\u0131 <\/b>(g\u00fcnahlardan) temizler ve ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131p y\u00fcceltirsin\u2026\u201d <\/b>(Tevbe 9\/103)<\/p>\n \u201cSiz hay\u0131r yolunda ne harcarsan\u0131z, Allah onun yerine daha iyisini verir…\u201d<\/b> (Sebe 34\/39)<\/p>\n Bunu destekler m\u00e2hiyette Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v), F\u0131t\u0131r Sadakas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kimler taraf\u0131ndan ve ne kadar verilece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131ktan sonra \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2026Allah, zengininizi g\u00fcnahlardan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131p mal\u0131n\u0131 temizler. Fakirinize gelince Allah ona, sadaka olarak verdi\u011finden daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 ihs\u00e2n eder.\u201d<\/i> (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Zek\u00e2t, 21\/1619)<\/p>\n Herkesin bildi\u011fi bir hakikattir ki, mal\u0131n\u0131n zekat\u0131n\u0131 veren ve fukaraya yard\u0131ma ko\u015fan ihl\u00e2sl\u0131 ve hay\u0131rsever kimselerin mal\u0131, g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne umulmad\u0131k sebeplerle artar. Bu berekette, sevindirilen fakir g\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tes\u00eeri oldu\u011fu muhakkakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bir de \u201c\u0130man\u0131n Hal\u00e2veti\u201d<\/b> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda zikretti\u011fimiz bir hadis-i \u015ferifte, her sene mal\u0131n\u0131n zekat\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcl ho\u015flu\u011fuyla veren ve bunun i\u00e7in mal\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcnden de\u011fil, orta h\u00e2llisinden ay\u0131ran kimselerin, iman\u0131n tad\u0131n\u0131 alaca\u011f\u0131 ifade edilmi\u015ftir. <\/i>(Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Zek\u00e2t, 5\/1582)<\/p>\n \u00dcbey b. Ka\u02bbb<\/b> (r.a), g\u00f6n\u00fclden zek\u00e2t veren bir sah\u00e2b\u00eenin o g\u00fczel h\u00e2lini \u015f\u00f6yle nakleder:<\/p>\n Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) beni zek\u00e2t memuru olarak g\u00f6ndermi\u015fti. (De\u00adveleri olan) bir z\u00e2ta vard\u0131m. Mal\u0131n\u0131 benim i\u00e7in bir araya toplad\u0131. O maldan ancak bir ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bitirip iki ya\u015f\u0131na basm\u0131\u015f bir di\u015fi deveyi zek\u00e2t olarak vermesi gerekiyordu. Kendisine:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013Zek\u00e2t olarak bir ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bitirip iki ya\u015f\u0131na basm\u0131\u015f bir di\u015fi deve vermen l\u00e2z\u0131m!\u201d dedim.<\/p>\n Mal sahibi:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013Senin s\u00f6yledi\u011fin devenin ne s\u00fct\u00fc vard\u0131r ne de s\u0131rt\u0131na binilir. Ama \u015fu gen\u00e7 ve semiz bir di\u015fi devedir, onu al!\u201d dedi. Ben:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013Bana emredilmeyen \u015feyi almam. \u0130\u015fte Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) orada, sana yak\u0131\u00adnd\u0131r. Huzurlar\u0131na var\u0131p bana teklif eti\u011fin \u015feyi kendilerine arzetmeyi arzu eder\u00adsen bunu yap! E\u011fer O, senden bunu kabul ederse, ben de ederim, etmezse, ben de etmem\u201d dedim.<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013Tamam, yapar\u0131m\u201d dedi. Hemen bana teklif etti\u011fi deveyi yan\u0131na alarak benimle birlikte yola \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) Efendimiz\u2019in huz\u00fbr-i \u00e2l\u00eelerine geldik. O\u2019na:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013Ey Allah\u2019\u0131n Neb\u00eesi! Mal\u0131m\u0131n zek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 almak i\u00e7in el\u00e7in bana geldi. Allah\u2019a yemin ederim ki, daha \u00f6nce ne Ras\u00fb\u00adlullah (s.a.v), ne de O\u2019nun el\u00e7isi benim mal\u0131m\u0131n aras\u0131nda bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 (mal\u0131m\u0131n yan\u0131na gelmemi\u015fti). Mal\u0131m\u0131 onun i\u00e7in bir araya toplad\u0131m. O da benim vermem gereken zek\u00e2t\u0131n, bir ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bitirip iki ya\u015f\u0131na basm\u0131\u015f bir di\u015fi deve oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi. Ben de ne s\u00fct\u00fc, ne de binmeye elveri\u015fli bir s\u0131rt\u0131 olmayan (bir deveyi Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019ya bor\u00e7 olarak vermek istemiyorum). Almas\u0131 i\u00e7in ona iri ve gen\u00e7 bir di\u015fi deveyi teklif ettim, kabul etmedi. \u0130\u015fte o deve budur. O\u2019nu sana getirdim ya Ras\u00fblullah, buyurun, al\u0131n!\u201d dedi. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v):<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013Senin vermen gereken iki ya\u015f\u0131na girmi\u015f devedir. Ama ondan daha iyisini sadaka olarak verirsen, Allah sana onun sevab\u0131n\u0131 verir. Biz de onu senden kabul ederiz\u201d<\/i> buyurdular. O da:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013\u0130\u015fte vermek istedi\u011fim b\u00fcy\u00fck deve budur ya Ras\u00fblallah! Onu sana getirdim, buyurun, al\u0131n!\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n Bunun \u00fczerine Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) de onun teslim al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 emrettiler ve o sah\u00e2b\u00eeye mal\u0131n\u0131n bereketlenmesi i\u00e7in du\u00e2 ettiler. (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Zek\u00e2t, 5\/1583. Kr\u015f. Ahmed, V, 142; \u0130bn Huzeyme, Sah\u00eeh<\/i>, IV, 24; H\u00e2kim, I, 556\/1452)<\/i><\/p>\n Zek\u00e2t\u0131n pek \u00e7ok ferd\u00ee faydalar\u0131 yan\u0131nda toplum niz\u00e2m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da vazge\u00e7ilmez fonksiyonlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Zek\u00e2t, farkl\u0131 seviyelerdeki insanlar aras\u0131nda kurulan ve cemiyeti b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftiren bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Zenginlerle fakirler aras\u0131ndaki mesafeyi asgar\u00eeye indirir. Fakirlerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltarak, bu sebeple meydana gelen bir\u00e7ok tats\u0131z h\u00e2disenin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7er. Fakirlerin g\u00f6n\u00fcllerinde zenginlere kar\u015f\u0131 do\u011fabilecek k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131k ve kin duygular\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u0130nsanlar\u0131 sevgi, sayg\u0131 ve karde\u015flik ba\u011flar\u0131yla kayna\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p bir araya getirir. Bu sebeple Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v):<\/p>\n \u201cZek\u00e2t, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr\u201d<\/i> buyurmu\u015ftur. (Beyhak\u00ee, \u015euab,<\/i> III, 20, 195; Heysem\u00ee, III, 62)<\/p>\n Bu hadis-i \u015ferif, zek\u00e2t\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e2hirette kurulan bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc oldu\u011funu da beyan etmektedir. Kat\u00e2de<\/b>\u2019nin nakline g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n \u201cZek\u00e2t, cehennem ile cennet aras\u0131nda bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Kim zek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6derse k\u00f6pr\u00fcy\u00fc ge\u00e7erek cennete n\u00e2il olur.\u201d (Abdurrazz\u00e2k, Musannef,<\/i> IV, 108)<\/p>\n Zek\u00e2t verilmedi\u011finde ise b\u00fct\u00fcn bu faydalar tersine d\u00f6nerek, fert ve toplum aleyhine b\u00fcy\u00fck zararlar meydana gelir. \u0130kinci hadiste,<\/b> bunun ac\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e2k\u0131beti g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serilmektedir. Orada bahsedilen mis\u00e2l, \u00e2hiretteki elem verici az\u00e2b\u0131 anlatmakla birlikte, bir taraftan da zek\u00e2t vazifesini yerine getirmeyenlerin d\u00fcnyadaki huzursuz h\u00e2llerini tasvir etmektedir. Allah\u2019\u0131n, l\u00fbtfundan verdi\u011fi mal\u0131 yine Allah\u2019tan k\u0131skanarak cimrilik yapan ve neticede ahl\u00e2k\u00ee zaafa m\u00fcbtel\u00e2 olan insan\u0131n, ne d\u00fcnyada ne de \u00e2hirette huzur bulmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Zek\u00e2t vermek s\u00fbretiyle ted\u00e2vi edilmeyen cimrilik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, insan\u0131 d\u00fcnyada s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 i\u00e7inde b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, \u00e2hirette de y\u0131lanlar\u0131n zehrine d\u00fb\u00e7\u00e2r eder.<\/p>\n Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v), bu zararl\u0131 hastal\u0131k hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n \u201cCimrilikten daha k\u00f6t\u00fc hangi hastal\u0131k vard\u0131r ki?!\u201d<\/i> (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, el-Edeb\u00fc\u2019l-m\u00fcfred,<\/i> no: 296. Ayr\u0131ca bkz. Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Humus, 15, Me\u011f\u00e2z\u00ee, 73; Ahmed, III, 308)<\/p>\n \u201c\u0130nsanda bulunan en \u015ferli \u015fey, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 cimrilik ve \u015fiddetli korkudur.\u201d<\/i> (Ebu Davud, Cih\u00e2d, 20\/2511)<\/p>\n Efendimiz, ba\u015fka bir hadislerinde de cimrili\u011fi, hel\u00e2k edici vas\u0131flar aras\u0131nda zikretmi\u015ftir.[3]<\/a><\/p>\n Ras\u00fblullah Efendimiz (s.a.v) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015flard\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u201cAlt\u0131na ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fe sahip olup da bunlar\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131 vermeyen kimseler var ya i\u015fte K\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fc sahip olduklar\u0131 o alt\u0131nlar ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fler ate\u015ften levhalar h\u00e2line getirilecektir. Sonra iyice k\u0131zg\u0131nla\u015fs\u0131n diye Cehennem ate\u015fine sokulacakt\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan bu levhalarla s\u00e2hibinin yan\u0131, aln\u0131 ve s\u0131rt\u0131 da\u011flanacakt\u0131r. Bu plakalar her so\u011fudu\u011funda yeniden Cehennem ate\u015fine sokularak k\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lacak ve ayn\u0131 azap devam edecektir. Bu i\u015f, uzunlu\u011fu elli bin sene olan bir g\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecektir. Nihayet Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2 kullar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131nda h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc verecek ve o kul gidece\u011fi yolu g\u00f6recektir, ya Cennet\u2019e veya Cehennem\u2019e!\u201d<\/i> (M\u00fcslim, Zek\u00e2t, 24)<\/p>\n Zek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 vermeyerek cimrilik illetinin pen\u00e7esine d\u00fc\u015fen, b\u00f6ylece mal\u0131nda y\u0131\u011f\u0131nla kul hakk\u0131 ve milyonlarca g\u00f6z bulunan bir ki\u015finin, rahat etmesi ve g\u00f6n\u00fcl huz\u00fbrunu tatmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fcd\u00fcr? D\u00fcnyada sevgi ve duadan mahrum ya\u015fayan bu insan, tabi\u00ee ki \u00e2hirette de en a\u011f\u0131r cezaya \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r. D\u00fcnyada mal\u0131n\u0131n bereketini g\u00f6remeyece\u011fi gibi, zek\u00e2t olarak verece\u011fi mebla\u011fdan daha fazlas\u0131, muhtelif ves\u00eelelerle elinden \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu anlay\u0131\u015ftaki fertlerin \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131yla, toplumda zek\u00e2t, a\u011f\u0131r bir y\u00fck olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flar ve zamanla tamamen ihmal edilir. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) Efendimiz, bu duruma gelen toplumlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na bir k\u0131s\u0131m bel\u00e2lar\u0131n gelece\u011fini haber vermi\u015ftir.[4]<\/a> Bir def\u00e2s\u0131nda da \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n \u201cMallar\u0131n\u0131n zek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 vermekten ka\u00e7\u0131nan her millet, mutlaka ya\u011fmurdan mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r ve hayvanlar\u0131 olmasa, onlara ya\u011fmur ya\u011fd\u0131r\u0131lmaz.\u201d<\/i> (\u0130bn-i M\u00e2ce, Fiten, 22; H\u00e2kim, IV, 583\/8623)<\/p>\n Yani zek\u00e2t terk edildi\u011finde, toplumdan bereket kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ya\u011fan ya\u011fmur ve verilen r\u0131z\u0131klar da ibadette beli b\u00fck\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f kullar, m\u00e2sumlar ve hayvanlar h\u00fcrmetine ihs\u00e2n edilir. Zek\u00e2t ihm\u00e2l edildik\u00e7e toplum d\u00fczeni sars\u0131larak zenginle fakir aras\u0131nda derin u\u00e7urumlar meydana gelir. Bu durum pek \u00e7ok muhta\u00e7 insan\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklere sevkeder. Neticede ne zenginin ne de fak\u00eerin huz\u00fbru kal\u0131r. Bu tehlikeye dikkat \u00e7eken Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak \u015f\u00f6yle buyurur:<\/p>\n \u201cAllah yolunda infak<\/b>[5]<\/a> edin! Kendi ellerinizle kendinizi tehlikeye atmay\u0131n. <\/b>Bir de ihsanda bulunun, zira Allah <\/b>(iyilikte bulunan, i\u015fini g\u00fczel yapan ve ihs\u00e2n \u015fuuru ile ya\u015fayan) muhsinleri sever.\u201d<\/b> <\/b>(Bakara 2\/195)<\/p>\n Buraya kadar say\u0131lanlar, zek\u00e2t\u0131 terk etmenin d\u00fcnyev\u00ee zararlar\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c2hiretteki az\u00e2b\u0131n\u0131n ise hadisimizde k\u0131smen a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00e7ok \u015fiddetli olaca\u011f\u0131 haber verilmektedir. Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak \u015f\u00f6yle buyurur:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2026Alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f\u00fc biriktirip de onlar\u0131 Allah yolunda infak etmeyenler yok mu, i\u015fte onlara elem verici bir azab\u0131 m\u00fcjdele! <\/b>(O paralar) cehennem ate\u015finde k\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p bunlarla al\u0131nlar\u0131, yanlar\u0131 ve s\u0131rtlar\u0131 da\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn <\/b>(onlara denilir ki): \u00ab\u0130\u015fte bu, kendiniz i\u00e7in biriktirdi\u011finiz servettir. Art\u0131k y\u0131\u011fmakta oldu\u011funuz \u015feylerin<\/b> (azab\u0131n\u0131) tad\u0131n!\u00bb\u201d<\/b> (Tevbe 9\/34-35)<\/b><\/p>\n Bu hususta pek \u00e7ok hadis-i \u015ferif de vard\u0131r. Onlardan biri \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndan bir kad\u0131n, k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011funu yan\u0131na alarak Efendimiz\u2019i ziyarete gelmi\u015fti. K\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n kolunda alt\u0131ndan iki kal\u0131n bilezik vard\u0131.<\/p>\n Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) kad\u0131na:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013Bunun zek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 veriyor musun?\u201d<\/i> diye sordu.<\/p>\n Kad\u0131n:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013Hay\u0131r\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v):<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013Allah\u2019\u0131n k\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fc, onlar\u0131n yerine sana ate\u015ften iki bilezik takmas\u0131 ho\u015funa gider mi?\u201d<\/i> buyurdu.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n Kad\u0131n hemen onlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p infak etmesi i\u00e7in Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019e uzatt\u0131 ve:<\/p>\n \u201c\u2013Bunlar Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019ne \u00e2ittir!\u201d dedi. (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Zek\u00e2t, 4\/1563)<\/p>\n Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bir m\u00fc\u2019min, zaman\u0131 ge\u00e7meden ve pi\u015fmanl\u0131k duymadan evvel, zek\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcl rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla vermelidir. Aksi takdirde \u00f6yle bir zaman gelir ki, art\u0131k f\u0131rsat\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olur ve istese de zek\u00e2t veremez. Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ve hasret ate\u015fleri i\u00e7inde k\u0131vranmaya ba\u015flar. Nitekim \u0130bn-i Abb\u00e2s<\/b> (r.a):<\/p>\n \u201cKimin hacca gidecek veya zek\u00e2t farz olacak kadar mal\u0131 bulunur da bu farzlar\u0131 if\u00e2 etmezse, \u00f6l\u00fcm s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u00fcnyaya geri d\u00f6nmeyi (rec\u2019a) taleb eder\u201d buyurmu\u015f ve \u015fu \u00e2yetleri okumu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n \u201cEy iman edenler, mallar\u0131n\u0131z ve evl\u00e2tlar\u0131n\u0131z sizi Allah\u2019\u0131n zikrinden al\u0131koymas\u0131n! Kim bunu yaparsa i\u015fte onlar h\u00fcsr\u00e2na u\u011frayanlar\u0131n t\u00e2 kendileridir. Herhangi birinize \u00f6l\u00fcm gelip de: \u00abEy Rabbim, beni yak\u0131n bir m\u00fcddete kadar geciktirsen de sadaka versem ve s\u00e2lihlerden olsam\u00bb demesinden evvel size r\u0131z\u0131k olarak verdi\u011fimiz \u015feylerden infak edin! Allah, eceli geldi\u011finde hi\u00e7 kimseyi asla tehir etmez. Allah yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131zdan haberdard\u0131r.\u201d<\/b> (M\u00fcn\u00e2fik\u00fbn 63\/9-11) (Tirmiz\u00ee, Tefsir, 63\/3316)<\/p>\n [1]<\/a> Z\u00e2riy\u00e2t 51\/19; Me\u00e2ric 70\/24-25.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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