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186. \u201cMallar\u0131n\u0131z ve canlar\u0131n\u0131z hus\u00fbsunda mutlaka imtihan edileceksiniz; sizden \u00f6nce kendilerine kitap verilenlerden ve \u015firk ko\u015fanlardan bir\u00e7ok \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc s\u00f6zler i\u015fiteceksiniz. E\u011fer sabreder ve takv\u00e2 sahibi olursan\u0131z, muhakkak ki bu, yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken en m\u00fchim i\u015flerdendir.\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n
187. \u201cHani Allah, kendilerine kitap verilenlerden, \u00abOnu mutlaka insanlara a\u00e7\u0131klayacak ve kesinlikle gizlemeyeceksiniz\u00bb diyerek s\u00f6z alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Onlar ise bunu kulak ard\u0131 ettiler ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok az bir \u00fccret ald\u0131lar. Ald\u0131klar\u0131 \u015fey ne k\u00f6t\u00fcd\u00fcr!\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n
188. \u201cYapt\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 sevinen ve yapmad\u0131klar\u0131 \u015feyler sebebiyle \u00f6v\u00fclmekten ho\u015flanan kimselerin sak\u0131n azaptan kurtulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sanma! \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlara can yak\u0131c\u0131 bir azap vard\u0131r.\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n
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Tefsir:<\/b><\/p>\n
186. <\/b>Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak, m\u00fc\u2019minleri mallar\u0131 ve canlar\u0131 hususunda devaml\u0131 imtihana t\u00e2b\u00ee tutar. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n
\u201cErkek olsun, kad\u0131n olsun m\u00fc\u2019min, Allah\u2019a g\u00fcnahs\u0131z olarak kavu\u015funcaya kadar kendisinden, \u00e7oluk \u00e7ocu\u011fundan ve mal\u0131ndan bel\u00e2 eksik olmaz.\u201d <\/i>(Tirmizi, Z\u00fchd 57\/2399; Ahmed, II, 287, 450; Muvatta\u2019,<\/i> Cen\u00e2iz, 40)<\/p>\n
Ash\u00e2b-\u0131 kiram da gerek Mekke d\u00f6neminde gerekse Med\u00eene d\u00f6neminde pek \u00e7ok imtihanlardan ge\u00e7mi\u015flerdi. Bir taraftan yah\u00fbdilerin, 181 ve 183. \u00e2yetlerde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi Allah ve Ras\u00fbl\u00fc hakk\u0131ndaki a\u011f\u0131r s\u00f6zleri ve \u015fiirleriyle \u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcyor, bir taraftan da m\u00fc\u015friklerle m\u00fcc\u00e2dele ediyorlard\u0131. Yah\u00fbd\u00ee \u015f\u00e2ir Ka\u2019b bin E\u015fref, Hz. Peygamber\u2019i hicveder yani alay eden ve k\u00f6t\u00fcleyen \u015fiirler s\u00f6yler ve Kurey\u015f m\u00fc\u015friklerini onun aleyhine tahrik ederdi. Kurey\u015f\u2019in m\u00fc\u015frik \u015f\u00e2irleri de All\u00e2h Ras\u00fbl\u00fc aleyhine \u015fiirler s\u00f6yler, insanlar\u0131 aldatarak Hak yolundan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131. Ens\u00e2r\u2019\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015f\u00e2iri Hass\u00e2n bin S\u00e2bit (r.a), m\u00fc\u015frikleri hicvetmek i\u00e7in Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v)\u2019den izin istedi. O da izin verdi. (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Men\u00e2k\u0131b, 16; M\u00fcslim, Fed\u00e2il\u00fc\u2019s-Sah\u00e2be, 156-157)<\/p>\n
O devirde \u015fiir, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz medyas\u0131na denk bir tesir g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahipti.<\/p>\n
Ehl-i kitap ve m\u00fc\u015frikler Ras\u00fbl-i Ekrem Efendimiz\u2019e ve ash\u00e2b\u0131na bu \u015fekilde eziyet ederlerken Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2, onlara sabr\u0131, takv\u00e2y\u0131 ve aff\u0131 emretmi\u015fti. Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v), Bedir Gazvesi\u2019nden \u00f6nce bir g\u00fcn, hasta olan Sa\u2019d bin Ub\u00e2de\u2019yi ziy\u00e2rete gitmek \u00fczere bir merkebe binmi\u015f, \u00dcs\u00e2me bin Zeyd\u2019i de terkisine alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yolda, m\u00fcn\u00e2f\u0131k ba\u015f\u0131 Abdullah bin \u00dcbey\u2019in de bulundu\u011fu bir meclise u\u011frad\u0131. Abdullah o s\u0131rada hen\u00fcz \u201cm\u00fcsl\u00fcman oldum\u201d diyerek bey\u2019at etmemi\u015fti. (K\u00fcfr\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koyuyordu.) Meclis; m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, yah\u00fbdiler ve puta tapan m\u00fc\u015friklerden olu\u015fuyordu. Abdullah bin Rev\u00e2ha (r.a) da oradayd\u0131. Fahr-i K\u00e2in\u00e2t Efendimiz\u2019in bine\u011finin tozu meclise ula\u015f\u0131nca, Abdullah bin \u00dcbey burnunu elbisesinin ucuyla kapatarak:<\/p>\n
\u201c\u2212Bizi tozutma!\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
All\u00e2h Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v) onlara sel\u00e2m verip durdu, bine\u011finden indi, onlar\u0131 Allah\u2019a \u00eem\u00e2na d\u00e2vet etti ve kendilerine Kur\u2019\u00e2n okudu.<\/p>\n
Abdullah bin \u00dcbey:<\/p>\n
\u201c\u2013Be hey adam! Bunlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylemekle iyi yapm\u0131yorsun. E\u011fer s\u00f6ylediklerin hak ise meclisimizde bize eziyet verme, git evine, seni dinlemeye gelenlere bunlar\u0131 anlat!\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Abdullah bin Rev\u00e2ha (r.a):<\/p>\n
\u201c\u2013Bil\u00e2kis ey All\u00e2h\u2019\u0131n Ras\u00fbl\u00fc, sen bizim meclislerimize gel, biz bunu \u00e7ok seviyor ve istiyoruz\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, m\u00fc\u015frikler ve yah\u00fbdiler at\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Neredeyse birbirlerine h\u00fcc\u00fbm edeceklerdi ki, Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc (s.a.v) onlar\u0131 s\u00e2kinle\u015ftirdi. Gerginlik bitince, Ras\u00fblullah (s.a.v) hayvan\u0131na binip yoluna devam etti ve Sa\u2019d bin Ub\u00e2de\u2019nin yan\u0131na geldi. Ona bu h\u00e2diseden bahsetti. Sa\u2019d (r.a):<\/p>\n
\u201c\u2013Y\u00e2 Ras\u00fblall\u00e2h! Onu affet, ho\u015f g\u00f6r! Sana kit\u00e2b\u0131 indiren Allah\u2019a yemin ederim ki, Allah seni peygamber olarak g\u00f6nderdi\u011finde bu belde halk\u0131 onu reis yapmak ve ba\u015f\u0131na krall\u0131k t\u00e2c\u0131n\u0131 giydirmek \u00fczere anla\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Allah seni hak d\u00een ile g\u00f6nderip onun krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 suya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcnce, buna \u00e7ok \u00fcz\u00fcld\u00fc, \u00e2deta yery\u00fcz\u00fc ona dar geldi ve nefes alamaz oldu. Herh\u00e2lde bu yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ondand\u0131r\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc de Abdullah bin \u00dcbey\u2019in davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 affetti. Bu h\u00e2dise \u00fczerine 186. \u00e2yet-i kerime n\u00e2zil oldu. Peygamber Efendimiz ve ash\u00e2b\u0131, sava\u015fa izin veren \u00e2yetin n\u00fcz\u00fbl\u00fcnden \u00f6nce, m\u00fc\u015friklerden ve ehl-i kit\u00e2bdan g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri bu nev\u00ee eziyetlere sabreder ve -emrolunduklar\u0131 \u00fczere- onlar\u0131 affederlerdi. (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer, 3\/15)<\/p>\n
K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe, ayn\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermek, k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerin artmas\u0131na sebep olur. Bundan dolay\u0131 Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2, d\u00fcnya zararlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in sabr\u0131, \u00e2hiret zararlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in de takv\u00e2y\u0131 emretmi\u015ftir. Bu durumda \u00e2yet-i kerime, d\u00fcny\u00e2 ve \u00e2hiretin t\u00fcm \u00e2d\u00e2b\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z olarak if\u00e2de etmektedir. (R\u00e2z\u00ee, IX, 105)<\/p>\n
\u00c2yetin sonunda, hayattaki imtihanlar ve gayr-i m\u00fcslimlerin eziyetleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilecek sab\u0131r ve takv\u00e2n\u0131n, mutlaka yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken, son derece ehemmiyetli, \u015ferefli, azim ve sebat gerektiren i\u015flerden oldu\u011fu beyan edilmektedir.<\/p>\n
Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n tecr\u00fcbe ve imtihan ile bir \u015feyi \u00f6\u011frenmekten m\u00fcnezzeh ve m\u00fcsta\u011fn\u00ee oldu\u011fu herkes\u00e7e m\u00e2lumdur. Bu gibi \u00e2yetlerde imtihan etmek m\u00e2n\u00e2s\u0131na kullan\u0131lan kelimeler, \u201cimtihan mu\u00e2melesi yapmak\u201d anlam\u0131nda bir isti\u00e2redir. Bunun n\u00fcktesi de insanlara, ilm\u00ee tecr\u00fcbenin ne kadar m\u00fchim oldu\u011funu ve her harekette tecr\u00fcbenin esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini anlatmakt\u0131r. (Elmal\u0131l\u0131, II, 1251)<\/p>\n
187.<\/b> Ehl-i kitap, m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara zarar veriyor ve ez\u00e2 ediyordu. H\u00e2lbuki Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak, onlardan s\u00f6z alm\u0131\u015f, \u0130l\u00e2h\u00ee kitab\u0131 ve orada peygamberli\u011fi haber verilen Hz. Muhammed Mustaf\u00e2\u2019y\u0131 insanlara anlat\u0131p, hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi gizlememelerini emretmi\u015fti. L\u00e2kin onlar il\u00e2h\u00ee kitaplara s\u0131rt \u00e7evirdiler, iltifat etmediler ve onlar\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsediler, verdikleri s\u00f6z\u00fc terk ettiler, \u00f6nemsemediler ve unuttular, onun \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmediler, onunla amel etmediler ve sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermediler. Hakk\u0131 g\u00f6zden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p gizlediler. Az\u0131c\u0131k d\u00fcnya menfaati kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u00fck\u00fbt ettiler, kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdiler ve insanlara yanl\u0131\u015f m\u00e2l\u00fbm\u00e2t verdiler. Bu yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ih\u00e2netin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ald\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fcnyal\u0131k ne kadar \u00e7ok da olsa \u00e2hiret ecri yan\u0131nda pek k\u0131ymetsiz kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fte yah\u00fbdi ve hristiyanlar b\u00f6ylesine zararl\u0131 ve k\u00f6t\u00fc bir al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Neticede Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019e ve m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara hem kendileri ez\u00e2 etmi\u015f hem de m\u00fc\u015frikleri buna k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. H\u00e2lbuki herkesten evvel onlar\u0131n \u00eeman edip Allah\u2019\u0131n d\u00eenine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmalar\u0131 gerekirdi.<\/p>\n