{"id":558,"date":"2013-06-11T16:37:34","date_gmt":"2013-06-11T14:37:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=558"},"modified":"2013-11-30T11:03:47","modified_gmt":"2013-11-30T09:03:47","slug":"b-tevrat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=558","title":{"rendered":"b. Tevrat"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kur\u2019\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eem\u2019in 16 \u00e2yetinde Tevrat kelimesi zikredilir. Tevrat ve \u0130ncil\u2019in Hz. \u0130brahim\u2019den sonra indirildi\u011fi, Tevrat\u2019ta hidayet ve nur bulundu\u011fu ifade edilir.[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise \u201cAhd-i At\u00eek: Eski Ahit\u201d<\/b> ismiyle Tevrat\u2019\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 n\u00fcshas\u0131 me\u015fhur olmu\u015ftur. Bunlar, yahudiler ve protestanlarca kabul edilen \u0130br\u00e2n\u00eece n\u00fcsha, Roma ve Do\u011fu hristiyan kiliselerince kabul edilen Yunanca n\u00fcsha ve S\u00e2mir\u00eelerce kabul edilen S\u00e2mir\u00eece n\u00fcshad\u0131r. Bu n\u00fcshalar birbirleriyle muk\u00e2yese edilince aralar\u0131nda konu, ifade ve yaz\u0131 birli\u011finin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Yahudilerin pek \u00e7o\u011fu bask\u0131 ve esaret alt\u0131nda ge\u00e7en uzun ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k tarihleri boyunca bu n\u00fcshalar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fikliklere m\u00e2ruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

Ahd-i At\u00eek, yahudi ve hristiyanlarca m\u00fc\u015ftereken kabul edilen otuz dokuz kitaptan meydana gelmektedir. Ahd-i At\u00eek\u2019i te\u015fkil eden kitaplar, tari\u00adhin belli bir d\u00f6neminde ve ayn\u0131 anda ya\u00adz\u0131ya aktar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; uzun tarih\u00ee seyir i\u00e7inde \u00e7e\u015fitli zamanlarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu eserler, uzun s\u00fcre \u015fifah\u00ee olarak nak\u00adledilmi\u015f, as\u0131rlar sonra, bug\u00fcn nisbet edildik\u00adleri \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.[3]<\/a> \u015eifah\u00ee gelene\u011fin yaz\u0131\u00adya aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 mil\u00e2ttan \u00f6nce X. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, mil\u00e2ttan sonra I. y\u00fczy\u0131lda so\u00adna ermi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn elde bulunan en eski ve yahudilerce m\u00fbteber metin n\u00fcshas\u0131 820-850\u2019lerde istinsah edilendir ki sadece Tevrat\u2019\u0131 ihtiva etmektedir. Ahd-i At\u00eek\u2019in en es\u00adki tam n\u00fcshas\u0131 ise X. asr\u0131n ilk y\u0131llar\u0131n\u00adda istinsah edilen Halep kodeksidir. Ahd-i At\u00eek\u2019in \u0130br\u00e2n\u00eece n\u00fcshas\u0131 ile Grek\u00e7e terc\u00fcmesi aras\u0131ndaki farklar, Grek\u00e7e terc\u00fcmenin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde (m.\u00f6. III. as\u0131r) Ahd-i At\u00eek\u2019in birden \u00e7ok n\u00fcshas\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u00ad\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir. Yunanca, Latince, \u00c2r\u00e2m\u00eece ve S\u00fcry\u00e2n\u00eece\u2019ye yap\u0131lan ilk terc\u00fcmeler de, yahudilerce muteber addedilen masoretik metnin tarihini ve m\u00e2ruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri vermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. M. Hamidullah<\/b> \u015f\u00f6yle der:<\/p>\n

\u201cHz. Musa\u2019n\u0131n Tevrat\u2019\u0131, mahdut n\u00fcshalarda mahfuz idi. Babil H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Buhtunassar, Filistin\u2019i i\u015fgal etti\u011fi zaman b\u00fct\u00fcn Tevrat n\u00fcshalar\u0131n\u0131 yakt\u0131. Rivayete g\u00f6re bu h\u00e2diseden y\u00fcz sene sonra Azra Peygamber, Tevrat\u2019\u0131 kendi ezberinden yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Daha sonra Romal\u0131lar Filistin\u2019i i\u015fgal edip Tevrat\u2019\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn n\u00fcshalar\u0131n\u0131 bir daha yakt\u0131lar. Fakat insanlar, kendi h\u00e2f\u0131zalar\u0131na g\u00fcvenebildikleri kadar g\u00fcvenerek Tevrat\u2019\u0131 tekrar yazd\u0131lar.\u201d[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

Daniel kitab\u0131<\/b> mevcut haliyle, B\u00e2bil esareti d\u00f6\u00adnemine ait bir peygamberin eseri ola\u00adrak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrse de eserde tarih\u00ee ger\u00e7ek\u00adlerle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan hususlar da vard\u0131r. Mesel\u00e2 daha ilk c\u00fcmlede, \u201cYehuda Kral\u0131 Yehoyakim\u2019in krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131nda, B\u00e2bil Kral\u0131 Nebukadnetsar, Yeru\u015falim\u2019e geldi ve onu ku\u015fatt\u0131\u201d de\u00adnilmektedir ki Yehoyakim\u2019in krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131nda (m.\u00f6. 606) Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn i\u015f\u00adgali s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

Tekvin, 6:19-20 ve 7:8-9\u2019da Allah\u2019\u0131n Hz. N\u00fbh\u2019a, her \u00e7e\u015fit hayvandan ve ku\u015flardan erkek ve di\u015fi olarak iki\u015fer tane almas\u0131n\u0131 emretti\u011fi yaz\u0131l\u0131 iken Tekvin, 7:2-3\u2019de yedi\u015fer tane almas\u0131n\u0131 emretti\u011fi ifade edilmektedir. Bunlardan birinin yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.[7]<\/a><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n
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[1]<\/a> \u00c2l-i \u0130mr\u00e2n, 65; M\u00e2ide, 44.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[2]<\/a> Prof. Dr. \u00d6. F. Harman, Yahudi Kutsal Kitaplar\u0131,<\/i> s. 8-25; a.mlf., \u201cAhd-i Atik\u201d mad., D\u0130A<\/i>, I, 495.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[3]<\/a> Birinci ve \u0130kinci Krallar b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri Hz. Davud\u2019un vefat\u0131ndan B\u00e2bil esaretine kadar ge\u00e7en devrin h\u00e2diselerini, Hz. S\u00fcleyman ile \u0130srail ve Yahuda krallar\u0131n\u0131n tarihini anlat\u0131r. Kitapta anlat\u0131lan h\u00e2diseler yakla\u015f\u0131k 400 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir s\u00fcreyi kapsar. Bir ki\u015finin bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde anlat\u0131lan h\u00e2diseleri yazabilmesi i\u00e7in 400 y\u0131ldan fazla ya\u015famas\u0131 gerekir. Ayr\u0131ca kitab\u0131n yazarlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fik eserlerden faydalanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Yunanca\u2019ya terc\u00fcmesinden sonra da baz\u0131 il\u00e2veler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ki bunlar Septante\u2019ta yoktur. (Bkz. Introduction \u00e0 la Bible,<\/i> II, 320; Prof. Dr. \u00d6. Faruk Harman, \u201cAhd-i Atik\u201d mad., D\u0130A,<\/i> I, 497)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[4]<\/a> Prof. Dr. \u00d6. Faruk Harman, \u201cAhd-i Atik\u201d mad., D\u0130A<\/i>, I, 495.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[5]<\/a> Prof. Dr. M. Hamidullah, \u201cHz. Peygamber Zaman\u0131nda Hadisin Tedvini\u201d, trc. Nafiz Dan\u0131\u015fman, Ankara \u00dcniversitesi \u0130lahiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi, <\/i>c. 4, say\u0131: 3, 1955, s. 6.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[6]<\/a> Prof. Dr. \u00d6. F. Harman, \u201cAhd-i Atik\u201d mad., D\u0130A<\/i>, I, 500.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[7]<\/a> Tevrat ve \u0130nciller \u00fczerinde sonradan yap\u0131lan ilaveler, \u00e7\u0131karmalar ve tahrifler hus\u00fbsunda Rahmetullah el-Hind\u00ee<\/b>\u2019nin Izh\u00e2ru\u2019l-Hak<\/i> isimli eseri en tutarl\u0131 ve en kapsaml\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olarak takdir toplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye trc. Ali Naml\u0131 – Ramazan Muslu, \u0130stanbul 2012, \u0130sam yay.). Bu kitab\u0131n Frans\u0131zca terc\u00fcmesi \u015fu isimle yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: Idharul-Haqq ou Manifestation de la Verite,<\/i> trc. P.V. Carletti, Paris: Ernest Leroux, Editeur, 1880. Izhar-ul-Haq (Truth Revealed)<\/i> ismiyle k\u0131sm\u00ee bir \u0130ngilizce terc\u00fcmesi de mevcuttur. (http:\/\/www.islam4all.com\/newpage71.htm) Ayr\u0131ca bkz. Prof. Dr. \u015eaban Kuzgun,<\/b> D\u00f6rt \u0130ncil -Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ve \u00c7eli\u015fkileri-,<\/i> Ankara 1996.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kur\u2019\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eem\u2019in 16 \u00e2yetinde Tevrat kelimesi zikredilir. Tevrat ve \u0130ncil\u2019in Hz. \u0130brahim\u2019den sonra indirildi\u011fi, Tevrat\u2019ta hidayet ve nur bulundu\u011fu ifade edilir.[1] G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise \u201cAhd-i At\u00eek: Eski Ahit\u201d ismiyle Tevrat\u2019\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[8],"tags":[218,219,217],"class_list":["post-558","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ebediyolharitasiislam","tag-ahd-i-atik","tag-ahd-i-cedid","tag-tevrat"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3G27m-90","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/558","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=558"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/558\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8963,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/558\/revisions\/8963"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=558"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=558"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=558"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}