{"id":605,"date":"2013-06-11T17:00:54","date_gmt":"2013-06-11T15:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=605"},"modified":"2013-11-30T11:03:45","modified_gmt":"2013-11-30T09:03:45","slug":"6-hak-ve-adalet-dinidir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/?p=605","title":{"rendered":"6. Hak ve Ad\u00e2let Dinidir"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak mutlak ad\u00e2let sahibidir. Zul\u00fcm asla O\u2019na izafe edilemez. O\u2019nun g\u00fczel isimlerinden (esm\u00e2-y\u0131 h\u00fcsn\u00e2s\u0131ndan) biri, ad\u00e2let sahibi ve ad\u00e2letin t\u00e2 kendisi m\u00e2n\u00e2lar\u0131na gelen el-Adl <\/b>ism-i \u015fer\u00eefidir.[1]<\/a> Bu sebeple kullar\u0131ndan da tam bir ad\u00e2let ve hakk\u00e2niyet istemektedir. Kur\u2019\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eem\u2019de \u015f\u00f6yle buyrulur:<\/p>\n

\u201cAllah size, mutlaka em\u00e2netleri ehline vermenizi ve insanlar aras\u0131nda h\u00fckmetti\u011finiz zaman ad\u00e2letle h\u00fckmetmenizi emreder…\u201d<\/b> (Nis\u00e2, 58)<\/p>\n

\u0130sl\u00e2m, insan\u0131n kendi ve akrabalar\u0131 aleyhine bile olsa ad\u00e2letle h\u00fckmetmesini emreder. \u00c2yet-i ker\u00eemede \u015f\u00f6yle buyrulur:<\/p>\n

\u201cEy \u00eeman edenler! Ad\u00e2leti titizlikle ayakta tutan, kendiniz, anne baban\u0131z ve akraban\u0131z\u0131n aleyhine bile olsa Allah i\u00e7in \u015fahitlik eden ki\u015filer olun! <\/b>(Haklar\u0131nda \u015fahitlik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ki\u015filerin) zengin veya fakir olmas\u0131na bakmay\u0131n, zira Allah onlara <\/b>(sizden) daha yak\u0131nd\u0131r. Nefsin arzular\u0131na t\u00e2b\u00ee olmay\u0131n ki haktan d\u00f6nmeyesiniz ve ad\u00e2let \u00fczere hareket edebilesiniz! <\/b>(\u015eahitli\u011fi) e\u011fip b\u00fcker yahut ondan tamamen y\u00fcz \u00e7evirirseniz, <\/b>(biliniz ki) Allah yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131zdan hakk\u0131yla haberd\u00e2rd\u0131r.\u201d<\/b> (Nis\u00e2, 135)<\/p>\n

Buradan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, insana d\u00fc\u015fen \u201cAdam kay\u0131rmak\u201d de\u011fil, kendisine emredildi\u011fi \u015fekilde ad\u00e2lete riayet etmektir. Zira Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak, kullar\u0131 i\u00e7in neyin faydal\u0131 neyin zararl\u0131 oldu\u011funu daha iyi bilmekte ve onlara herkesten daha \u00e7ok merhamet etmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n getirdi\u011fi bu ad\u00e2let anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile su\u00e7un \u015fahs\u00eeli\u011fi kanunu topluma yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, b\u00f6ylece su\u00e7luyu s\u0131rf kabile asabiyeti ile savunma, bir ki\u015finin hatas\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden iki kabilenin birbirine girmesi ve uzun y\u0131llar devam eden kan davalar\u0131 sona erdirilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca \u0130sl\u00e2m, su\u00e7luyu takip vazifesini tek bir fertten al\u0131p devlete vermi\u015ftir.[2]<\/a> Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm o g\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fartlar\u0131nda ad\u00e2letin i\u015fleyi\u015fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015fl\u0131ba\u015f\u0131na bir ink\u0131l\u00e2p niteli\u011findedir.<\/p>\n

Ras\u00fblullah r birg\u00fcn:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013K\u0131y\u00e2met g\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6lgeye ko\u015fan s\u00e2bik\u00fbn kimdir biliyor musunuz?\u201d<\/i> buyurdu. Ash\u00e2b-\u0131 kir\u00e2m:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Allah ve Ras\u00fbl\u00fc daha iyi bilir\u201d dediler. Efendimiz r:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Onlar, kendilerine hak verildi\u011finde onu kabul edenler, kendilerinden hak istendi\u011finde bunu c\u00f6mert\u00e7e veren\u00adler ve insanlar hakk\u0131nda h\u00fckmederken kendilerine h\u00fckmediyormu\u015f gibi davranan ki\u015filerdir\u201d<\/i> buyurdu. (Ahmed, VI, 67, 69)<\/p>\n

\u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019a g\u00f6re temel diyalektik veya \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma, z\u00e2limler ve zulm\u00fc savunanlar ile \u00e2diller ve ad\u00e2leti savunanlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Kur\u2019\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eem\u2019de, \u201cZ\u00e2limlerden ba\u015fkas\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k yoktur\u201d<\/b> buyrulur.[3]<\/a> \u0130nsan haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131l\u0131 olan insan ister m\u00fcsl\u00fcman olsun ister olmas\u0131n onunla m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n bir toplumda ya\u015famas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ancak, bir m\u00fcsl\u00fcman zul\u00fcm yap\u0131yor ve insan haklar\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermiyorsa, ona kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmak da bir vazifedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sosyal seviyede biz ve \u00f6teki aras\u0131ndaki ayr\u0131m\u0131n mihengi zul\u00fcm ve ad\u00e2lettir.[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

Peygamber Efendimiz zaman\u0131nda, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte m\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan Tu\u2018me bin \u00dcbeyrik<\/b> h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k yapm\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 z\u0131rh\u0131 bir yah\u00fbdinin evine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp saklam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Z\u0131rh yah\u00fbdinin evinde bulununca, onu Tu\u2018me\u2019nin getirdi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015f ancak su\u00e7 \u00fczerine kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r, Tu\u2018me\u2019nin yeminine ve kabilesinin \u015fahitli\u011fine bakarak yah\u00fbdinin haks\u0131z oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flay\u0131nca Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak \u015fu \u00e2yet-i kerimelerle Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc \u00eek\u00e2z etti:[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cAllah\u2019\u0131n sana g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi \u015fekilde insanlar aras\u0131nda h\u00fckmedesin diye sana Kitab\u2019\u0131 hak ile indirdik; h\u00e2inlerden taraf olma! Ve Allah\u2019tan ma\u011ffiret iste, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Allah, \u00e7ok ma\u011ffiret edici, ziyadesiyle merhametlidir. Kendilerine h\u0131y\u00e2net edenleri savunma; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Allah h\u00e2inli\u011fi meslek edinmi\u015f g\u00fcnahk\u00e2rlar\u0131 sevmez. \u0130nsanlardan gizlerler de Allah\u2019tan gizlemezler. H\u00e2lbuki geceleyin Allah\u2019\u0131n r\u00e2z\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z\u00fc d\u00fcz\u00fcp kurarken O, onlarla beraber idi. Allah yapt\u0131klar\u0131 her \u015feyi ku\u015fat\u0131r <\/b>(O\u2019nun ilminden hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi gizleyemezler). Haydi, siz d\u00fcnya hayat\u0131nda onlara taraf \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p savundunuz, ya k\u0131yamet g\u00fcn\u00fc Allah\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 onlar\u0131 kim savunacak yahut onlara kim vekil olacak?\u201d<\/b> (Nis\u00e2, 105-109)<\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7lerinde sahabeden Mikd\u00e2d bin Esved\u2019in de bulundu\u011fu bir asker\u00ee birlik d\u00fc\u015fman taraf\u0131ndan ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Birli\u011fin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki kumandan hi\u00e7 kimsenin bine\u011fini otlatmaya \u00e7\u0131karmamas\u0131n\u0131 emretti. Ancak bu emri duymayan bir asker bine\u011fini otlatmaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131; kumandan bunu haber ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda o askeri d\u00f6vd\u00fc. Zavall\u0131 asker:<\/p>\n

\u201cHayat\u0131mda hi\u00e7 bu kadar dayak yememi\u015ftim\u201d diye s\u00f6ylenerek yerine d\u00f6n\u00fcyordu. Yolda Mikd\u00e2d bin Esved <\/b>t ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131. Onun peri\u015fan h\u00e2lini g\u00f6ren m\u00fcb\u00e2rek sah\u00e2b\u00ee ne oldu\u011funu sordu. O da ba\u015f\u0131na gelenleri anlatt\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine Mikd\u00e2d t k\u0131l\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 ku\u015fan\u0131p askeri de yan\u0131na alarak kumandan\u0131n yan\u0131na gitti ve:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Bu askeri d\u00f6vmeye hakk\u0131n yoktu, k\u0131sas yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor\u201d dedi. Kumandan da bunu kabul ederek askere kendisini d\u00f6vebilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Ancak asker onu affetti. Kumandan\u0131n bu \u015fekilde hakka boyun e\u011fmesi \u00fczerine Mikd\u00e2d t:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Yemin ederim ki art\u0131k \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n h\u00e2kim oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rebilece\u011fim\u201d diyerek onun yan\u0131ndan ayr\u0131ld\u0131. (Eb\u00fb Nuaym, Hilye,<\/i> I, 176)<\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015fmana Bile Ad\u00e2let<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130nsan\u0131n ad\u00e2letli davranmakta zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususlardan biri de d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda verdi\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcmleridir. \u0130sl\u00e2m, m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara, d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken veya karar verirken bile ad\u00e2letle hareket etmelerini emretmektedir. \u00c2yet-i ker\u00eemede \u015f\u00f6yle buyrulur:<\/p>\n

\u201cEy \u00eeman edenler, Allah i\u00e7in ad\u00e2letle \u015fahitlik eden kimseler olunuz! Bir toplulu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 duydu\u011funuz kin sizi ad\u00e2letten sapt\u0131rmas\u0131n! \u00c2dil davran\u0131n, zira takv\u00e2ya en yak\u0131\u015fan budur…\u201d <\/b>(M\u00e2ide, 8)<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte bu, ad\u00e2letin zirve noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Bir m\u00fcsl\u00fcman, kin ve \u00f6fke duygular\u0131yla i\u00e7inde f\u0131rt\u0131nalar eserken eline f\u0131rsat ge\u00e7ip d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131na zarar verebilecek duruma gelse bile, ad\u00e2letten ayr\u0131l\u0131p da onlara haks\u0131zl\u0131k yapamaz. Zira mukaddes dini ona, \u00f6fkeliyken de s\u00e2kinken de ad\u00e2letten ayr\u0131lmamay\u0131 emretmi\u015f ve b\u00f6yle davranabilenlere \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fck\u00e2fatlar vaad etmi\u015ftir. (Bkz. Heysem\u00ee, I, 90; Eb\u00fb Nuaym, Hilye,<\/i> II, 343; VI, 268-9)<\/p>\n

Bu hususta t\u00e2rihimizde ya\u015fanan pek \u00e7ok misalden birka\u00e7\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n

S\u00fcheyl bin Amr<\/b>, Kurey\u015flilerin hat\u00eebi idi. S\u00f6z\u00fcn haddinden fazla tesirli oldu\u011fu bir devirde, devaml\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m aleyhine konu\u015fur, insanlar\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131rd\u0131. Bu z\u00e2t Bedir Gazvesi\u2019nde esir d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Hz. \u00d6mer<\/b>:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Y\u00e2 Ras\u00fblallah! M\u00fcs\u00e2ade buyur, S\u00fcheyl\u2019in \u00f6n di\u015flerini s\u00f6keyim de dili d\u0131\u015far\u0131 sarks\u0131n! Bundan sonra hi\u00e7bir zaman ve hi\u00e7bir yerde senin ve \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n aleyhinde konu\u015famas\u0131n?!\u201d dedi. Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013B\u0131rak onu ey \u00d6mer! Ben, onun uzuvlar\u0131na b\u00f6yle bir zarar veremem. \u015eayet bunu yapacak olursam, peygamber olmama ra\u011fmen, Allah da ayn\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bana yapar. <\/b>Acele etme, g\u00fcn gelir o, senin medhedip ho\u015flanaca\u011f\u0131n bir makamda konu\u015fma yapar ve seni sevindirir\u201d <\/i>buyurdu. (\u0130bn-i Hi\u015f\u00e2m, II, 293)[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131yla sava\u015f\u0131rken bile ad\u00e2let \u00fczere olmakla emredilmi\u015flerdir. Ya sald\u0131ran\u0131n verdi\u011fi zarar kadar muk\u00e2belede bulunmal\u0131d\u0131rlar veya daha faziletli davranarak affetmelidirler:<\/b><\/p>\n

\u201cE\u011fer ceza verecekseniz, size yap\u0131lan\u0131n misliyle ceza verin! Ancak sabrederseniz, elbette bu, sabredenler i\u00e7in daha hay\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/b> (Nahl, 126. Kr\u015f. Bakara, 194)<\/b><\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015fmana kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen ad\u00e2lete g\u00fczel bir misal de \u015fu h\u00e2disedir:<\/p>\n

Mekke, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir asker\u00ee deh\u00e2n\u0131n eseri olarak sulh yoluyla fethedildi\u011finde, o zamana kadar d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k eden insanlar hakk\u0131nda um\u00fbm\u00ee bir af \u00eel\u00e2n edilmi\u015f ve Mekke\u2019den gan\u00eemet olarak hi\u00e7bir \u015fey al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.[7]<\/a> Ras\u00fblullah r, g\u00fcnlerdir yolda olan on bin ki\u015filik \u0130sl\u00e2m ordusunun bir hayli yek\u00fbn tutan zaruri ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere hen\u00fcz m\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan Mekke zenginlerinden \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 para ve z\u0131rh ald\u0131. Daha sonra bunu, Hev\u00e2zin gan\u00eemetlerinden tam\u00e2m\u0131yla \u00f6dedi ve:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013\u00d6d\u00fcnc\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, te\u015fekk\u00fcr etmek ve onu \u00f6demektir!\u201d<\/i> buyurdu. (V\u00e2k\u0131d\u00ee, II, 863; Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, B\u00fcy\u00fb\u2019, 88\/3562; Muvatta<\/i>, Nik\u00e2h, 44)<\/p>\n

Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019in yerinde hangi kumandan olsa, yapt\u0131klar\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn haddi hesab\u0131 olmayan o insanlar\u0131 \u015fiddetle cezaland\u0131r\u0131r ve mallar\u0131na ganimet olarak el koyard\u0131. Buna hakk\u0131 da vard\u0131. Ancak Efendimiz r, kalabal\u0131k ordusuyla b\u00fcy\u00fck bir madd\u00ee s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu h\u00e2lde bunu yapmad\u0131 ve bor\u00e7 ald\u0131. Peki, bunun neticesi ne oldu? Onu da \u015fu h\u00e2disede g\u00f6relim:<\/p>\n

Safv\u00e2n bin \u00dcmeyye<\/b> de Mekke\u2019nin zenginlerinden idi. \u0130sl\u00e2m hakk\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcp karar vermek i\u00e7in iki ay m\u00fcddet istemi\u015fti. Ras\u00fblullah Efendimiz ona d\u00f6rt ay zaman tan\u0131d\u0131.[8]<\/a> Bir defas\u0131nda kendisine:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Safv\u00e2n! Sende silah var m\u0131?\u201d<\/i> dedi. Safv\u00e2n:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013\u00d6d\u00fcn\u00e7 olarak m\u0131, yoksa gasp m\u0131?\u201d dedi. Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Hay\u0131r, gasp de\u011fil, \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 istiyorum\u201d<\/i> buyurdu. Bunun \u00fczeri\u00adne Safv\u00e2n, otuz k\u0131rk kadar z\u0131rh\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 olarak verdi. Ras\u00fblullah r Huneyn Gaz\u00e2s\u0131\u2019na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. M\u00fc\u015frikler hezimete u\u011fray\u0131nca, Safv\u00e2n\u2019\u0131n z\u0131rh\u00adlar\u0131 topland\u0131, ama onlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 kaybolmu\u015ftu. Ras\u00fblullah r, Safv\u00e2n\u2019a:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Z\u0131rhlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kaybettik. Onlar\u0131n bedelini \u00f6de\u00adsek olur mu?\u201d<\/i> diye sordu. Safv\u00e2n t:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Hay\u0131r ya Ras\u00fblallah, bug\u00fcn kalbim, o g\u00fcn hissetmedi\u011fim bir tak\u0131m ulv\u00ee hissiy\u00e2tla dolu!\u201d dedi ve m\u00fcsl\u00fcman oldu. (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, B\u00fcy\u00fb\u2019, 88\/3563)<\/p>\n

\u00c7ocuklar Aras\u0131nda Ad\u00e2leti G\u00f6zetmek<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0130sl\u00e2m, baban\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ad\u00e2let g\u00f6zetmesine de son derece ehemmiyet verir. Nitekim evlatlar\u0131ndan birine ba\u011f\u0131\u015fta bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek kendisini \u015fahit tutmak isteyen sah\u00e2b\u00eeye Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc r:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Buna verdi\u011fini di\u011fer \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na da verdin mi?\u201d<\/i> diye sordu. \u201cHay\u0131r\u201d cevab\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131nca:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Allah\u2019tan korkunuz; \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131z aras\u0131nda ad\u00e2letli davran\u0131n\u0131z!\u201d<\/i> buyurdu. Sonra da yap\u0131lan yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131n vah\u00e2metini g\u00f6steren \u015fu ifadeyi kulland\u0131:<\/i><\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Beni bu h\u00e2diseye \u015fahit tutma; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ben bir zulme \u015fahit olamam!\u201d<\/i> (Bkz. Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Hibe 12, \u015eeh\u00e2d\u00e2t 9; M\u00fcslim, Hib\u00e2t 9-18)<\/p>\n

Ras\u00fblullah r, cinsiyetler aras\u0131ndaki ad\u00e2lete de \u00e7ok dikkat etmi\u015ftir. Bir sah\u00e2b\u00ee Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019in meclisinde otururken, yan\u0131na k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck o\u011flu geldi. O da \u00e7ocu\u011fu kucaklay\u0131p \u00f6pt\u00fc ve dizine oturttu. Az sonra k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131z\u0131 geldi. Adam onu dizine de\u011fil, yan\u0131na oturttu. Bunu g\u00f6ren Peygamber Efendimiz:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013\u00c7ocuklar aras\u0131nda ad\u00e2leti g\u00f6zetmeli de\u011fil miydin?\u201d<\/i> buyurdu. (Tah\u00e2v\u00ee, \u015eerhu me\u2019\u00e2ni\u2019l-\u00e2s\u00e2r,<\/i> IV, 89; Beyhak\u00ee, \u015euab,<\/i> VII, 468; Heysem\u00ee, VIII, 156)<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcman milletlerin dinlerinden alarak insanlara tevz\u00ee etti\u011fi ad\u00e2let, hangi dinden olursa olsun b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlara can suyu olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6yle ki t\u00e2rihte m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara m\u00fcracaat ederek; \u201cGelin bizi y\u00f6netin!\u201d diyen milletler bile \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir misal vermek gerekirse:<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar Humus<\/b>\u2019u idareleri alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Onlar\u0131 muhafaza ettikleri i\u00e7in de m\u00e2kul bir miktar vergi al\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bu esn\u00e2da Bizans Kral\u0131 Herakliyus b\u00fcy\u00fck bir orduyla m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131ndaki g\u00fcc\u00fcn \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenince endi\u015felendiler. Humus ah\u00e2l\u00eesinin \u00f6dedi\u011fi vergileri kendilerine i\u00e2de ettiler ve:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Biz \u015fu anda bir sald\u0131r\u0131ya m\u00e2ruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in sizi muhafaza ve m\u00fcd\u00e2faa etme imk\u00e2n\u0131ndan mahrumuz. (Bu vergileri ise sizi muhafaza kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k). Siz art\u0131k karar\u0131n\u0131zda serbestsiniz, diledi\u011finiz gibi hareket edebilirsiniz\u201d dediler. Humus ah\u00e2l\u00eesi:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Vallahi sizin id\u00e2reniz ve ad\u00e2letiniz, bizim i\u00e7in daha \u00f6nce i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz zul\u00fcm ve zorbal\u0131ktan daha sevimlidir. Sizin v\u00e2linizle birlikte \u015fehri Herakliyus\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcd\u00e2faa edece\u011fiz\u201d kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 verdiler. Yah\u00fbdiler de kalk\u0131p:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Tevr\u00e2t\u2019a yemin olsun ki biz ma\u011fl\u00fbb olup peri\u015fan olmad\u0131k\u00e7a Herakliyus\u2019un v\u00e2lisi, Humus \u015fehrine giremez!\u201d dediler. \u015eehrin kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kilitleyip d\u00fc\u015fmana kar\u015f\u0131 muhafaza ettiler. Kendileriyle sulh yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan di\u011fer \u015fehirlerin hristiyan ve yah\u00fbdi ah\u00e2lisi de ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde hareket etti ve:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013\u015eayet Rumlar ve onlara t\u00e2b\u00ee olanlar m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara g\u00e2lib gelirse, biz yine eski zul\u00fcm ve zorbal\u0131k devrine d\u00f6ner, b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar \u00e7ekeriz. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar g\u00e2lib gelse de \u00f6nceki anla\u015fmam\u0131z \u00fczere yine onlarla birlikte olsak!\u201d dediler.<\/p>\n

Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2, Rumlar\u0131 hez\u00eemete u\u011frat\u0131p m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara zafer bah\u015fedince, hristiyanlar \u015fehirlerini m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara a\u00e7t\u0131lar, oyuncular\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p sevin\u00e7 g\u00f6sterilerinde bulundular ve vergilerini \u00f6dediler. (Bel\u00e2zur\u00ee, F\u00fct\u00fbhu\u2019l-b\u00fcldan,<\/i> s. 187)<\/p>\n

\u0130sl\u00e2m ordusu bu uygulamay\u0131 yaln\u0131z Humus\u2019ta de\u011fil, \u00f6nce fethedip sonra \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn beldelerde tatbik etmi\u015ftir. Mesel\u00e2, Plevne<\/b> d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zaman G\u00e2zi Osman Pa\u015fa<\/b>, hristiyan halktan, onlar\u0131 muhafaza muk\u00e2bilinde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 cizyeleri i\u00e2de etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n


<\/p>\n
\n
\n

[1]<\/a> Tirmiz\u00ee, Deav\u00e2t, 82\/3507.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[2]<\/a> Bkz. Med\u00eene Ves\u00eekas\u0131, 25\/b, 31, 36\/b, 40. maddeler; Prof. Dr. M. Hamidullah, Ves\u00e2ik,<\/i> 1-7.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[3]<\/a> Bakara, 192.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[4]<\/a> Prof. Dr. Recep \u015eent\u00fcrk, \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 ve \u0130sl\u00e2m,<\/i> s. 22.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[5]<\/a> V\u00e2hid\u00ee, s. 183. Bkz. Tirmiz\u00ee, Tefs\u00eer, 4\/3036; H\u00e2kim, IV, 426.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[6]<\/a> S\u00fcheyl t, Allah Ras\u00fbl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn haber verdi\u011fi o medhe \u015f\u00e2y\u00e2n konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 zaman\u0131 gelince yapt\u0131. Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019in vef\u00e2t\u0131 \u00fczerine Mekke\u2019deki m\u00fcn\u00e2f\u0131klar\u0131n kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir heng\u00e2mede, Hz. S\u00fcheyl, K\u00e2be\u2019nin yan\u0131nda kalk\u0131p bir hutbe \u00eer\u00e2d ederek insanlar\u0131 yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. \u00d6mer t, Hz. S\u00fcheyl\u2019in bu konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fitti\u011finde, Peygamber Efendimiz\u2019in s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc hat\u0131rlad\u0131 ve:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2013Y\u00e2 Ras\u00fblallah, senin Allah\u2019\u0131n Ras\u00fbl\u00fc oldu\u011funa bir kez daha \u015feh\u00e2det ederim!\u201d diyerek g\u00f6zleri doldu. (\u0130bn-i Hi\u015f\u00e2m, IV, 346; V\u00e2k\u0131d\u00ee, I, 107; Bel\u00e2zur\u00ee, Ens\u00e2bu\u2019l-e\u015fr\u00e2f<\/i>, I, 303-304; \u0130bn-i Abdi\u2019l-Berr, \u0130st\u00ee\u00e2b,<\/i> II, 669-671; H\u00e2kim, III, 318\/5228)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[7]<\/a> Eb\u00fb D\u00e2v\u00fbd, Har\u00e2c, 24-25\/3023.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[8]<\/a> Muvatta\u2019,<\/i> Nik\u00e2h, 44-45.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Hak mutlak ad\u00e2let sahibidir. Zul\u00fcm asla O\u2019na izafe edilemez. O\u2019nun g\u00fczel isimlerinden (esm\u00e2-y\u0131 h\u00fcsn\u00e2s\u0131ndan) biri, ad\u00e2let sahibi ve ad\u00e2letin t\u00e2 kendisi m\u00e2n\u00e2lar\u0131na gelen el-Adl ism-i \u015fer\u00eefidir.[1] Bu sebeple kullar\u0131ndan… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[8],"tags":[251,249,250],"class_list":["post-605","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ebediyolharitasiislam","tag-adalet","tag-hak","tag-hukuk"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3G27m-9L","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/605","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=605"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/605\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8941,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/605\/revisions\/8941"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=605"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=605"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kuranvesunnetyolunda.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=605"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}